Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:math>Magnetism of a Single Carbon Vacancy in Graphene

Zhang, Yu; Li, Siyu; Huang, Huaqing; Li, Wen-Tian; Qiao, Jia-Bin; Wang, Wen-Xiao; Yin, Long-Jing; Bai, Ke-Ke; Duan, Wenhui; He, Lin

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.117.166801

Cited by 132 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Padmanabhan and Nanda concluded from their recent first‐principles calculations that the metastable nonmagnetic nonplanar configuration is 50 meV above the ground‐state planar configuration. Convincing evidence for the π magnetism of a single carbon vacancy in graphene was provided by Zhang et al In their recent scanning tunneling microscope (STM) experiment using directly CVD synthesized graphene with a high density of monovacancies on Rh foils, they observed planar monovacancy configuration and the split of the localized state of the atomic defects into two DOS peaks with energy separations of several tens of meV.…”

Section: Spin Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of spintronics based on 2D materials

Feng

Shen

Yang

et al. 2017

WIREs Comput Mol Sci

190

135

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Spintronics holds the promise for future information technologies. Devices based on manipulation of spin are most likely to replace the current silicon complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor devices that are based on manipulation of charge. The challenge is to identify or design materials that can be used to generate, detect, and manipulate spin. Since the successful isolation of graphene and other two‐dimensional (2D) materials, there has been a strong focus on spintronics based on 2D materials due to their attractive properties, and much progress has been made, both theoretically and experimentally. Here, we summarize recent developments in spintronics based on 2D materials. We focus mainly on materials of truly 2D nature, that is, atomic crystal layers such as graphene, phosphorene, monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, and others, but also highlight current research foci in heterostructures or interfaces. In particular, we emphasize roles played by computation based on first‐principles methods which has contributed significantly in the designs of spintronic materials and devices. We also highlight challenges and suggest possible directions for further studies. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2017, 7:e1313. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1313 This article is categorized under: Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science Electronic Structure Theory > Ab Initio Electronic Structure Methods Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory

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Section: Spin Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of spintronics based on 2D materials

Feng

Shen

Yang

et al. 2017

WIREs Comput Mol Sci

190

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…First, the topmost graphene monolayer electronically decouples from the supporting substrate. We observed well-defined Landau quantization of massless Dirac fermions [35][36][37][38][39] : the observed Landau level (LL) energies depend linearly on the square root of both level index n and magnetic field B, as expected to be observed in free-standing graphene monolayer (see Supplementary Fig. S4 for detail of analysis).…”

mentioning

confidence: 65%

Magnetic-field-controlled negative differential conductance in scanning tunneling spectroscopy of graphene npn junction resonators

Liu

Qiao

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. B

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Negative differential conductance (NDC), characterized by the decreasing current with increasing voltage, has attracted continuous attention for its various novel applications. The NDC typically exists in a certain range of bias voltages for a selected system and controlling the regions of NDC in curves of current versus voltage (I-V) is experimentally challenging. Here, we demonstrate an unusual magnetic-field-controlled NDC in graphene npn junction resonators. The magnetic field not only can switch on and off the NDC, but also can continuously tune the regions of the NDC in the I-V curves. In the graphene npn junction resonators, magnetic fields generate sharp and pronounced Landau-level peaks with the help of the Klein tunneling of massless Dirac fermions. A tip of scanning tunneling microscope induces a relatively shift of the Landau levels in graphene beneath the tip. Tunneling between the misaligned Landau levels results in the magnetic-field-controlled NDC that may have potential applications for future graphene-based technology.

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“…1a. The N dopants in graphene are introduced by thermal decomposition of a small amount of ammonia borane during the growth process of graphene 23 . The isolated H atoms absorbed on graphene is introduced via a H2 plasma after the synthesis of graphene 34 The obtained impurities are of extremely low concentrations and, usually, there is only one atomic impurity within a 20  20 nm 2 region to remove any possible interactions between the impurities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale probing of broken-symmetry states in graphene induced by individual atomic impurities

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. B

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Inherent symmetries of a system lead to multiple degeneracies of its energy spectra. Introducing individual atomic impurities can locally break these symmetries,which is expected to lift the degenerate degrees of freedom around the impurities. Although central to our understanding of the fundamental properties of solids, the broken-symmetry states induced by individual atomic impurities have so far eluded observation. Here, we report nanoscale probing of the broken-symmetry states in graphene induced by two types of individual atomic impurities, i.e., isolated nitrogen dopants and isolated hydrogen atoms chemisorbed on graphene. Our experiments demonstrate that both types of atomic impurities can locally break sublattice symmetry of graphene and generate valley-polarized states, which extends several nanometers around the impurities. For the isolated hydrogen atom chemisorbed on graphene, the enhanced spin-orbit coupling, which arises from the sp 3 distortion of graphene due to the hydrogen chemisorption, further lifts the spin degeneracy, resulting in a fully spin and valley polarized states within about 1 nm around the hydrogen atom. Our result paves the way to control various broken-symmetry states at the nanoscale by various atomic impurities.

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Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of theπMagnetism of a Single Carbon Vacancy in Graphene

Cited by 132 publications

References 37 publications

Prospects of spintronics based on 2D materials

Prospects of spintronics based on 2D materials

Magnetic-field-controlled negative differential conductance in scanning tunneling spectroscopy of graphene npn junction resonators

Nanoscale probing of broken-symmetry states in graphene induced by individual atomic impurities

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