Scanning transmission x-ray microscopy of isolated multiwall carbon nanotubes

Felten, Alexandre; Hody, H.; Bittencourt, Carla; Pireaux, Jean‐Jacques; Cruz, Daniel Hernández; Hitchcock, Adam P.

doi:10.1063/1.2345258

Cited by 39 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy (STXM) is a synchrotron‐based microprobe technique that combines NEXAFS spectroscopy and microscopy with a spatial resolution currently routinely better than 30 nm 17–20. We previously demonstrated the power of STXM to study isolated MWCNTs and to differentiate between the CNTs and various types of carbon impurities 21, 22. Although TEM‐EELS provides much higher spatial resolution, it causes more radiation damage per unit analytical information than X‐ray microscopy,23 it has a significantly lower energy resolution than that of synchrotron‐based spectromicroscopy, and measurement of linear dichroism via the momentum‐transfer directional dependence is much less convenient than linear dichroism measurements with synchrotron X‐ray sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization Dependence of the C 1s X‐ray Absorption Spectra of Individual Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Najafi

Cruz

Obst

et al. 2008

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The polarization dependence (linear dichroism) of the C 1s X-ray absorption spectrum of individual multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is measured using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy. A very strong dichroic effect is found in the C 1s --> pi* transition, with almost complete disappearance of this transition when the electric-field (E)-vector is aligned parallel to high-quality (low-defect) MWCNTs and maximum intensity when the E-vector is orthogonal to the tube axis. In contrast, there is very little dichroism in the C 1s --> sigma* transitions. The origin of this polarization effect is explained. The magnitude of the polarization dependence is found to differ in MWCNTs synthesized by different methods (arc discharge versus chemical vapor deposition). This is ascribed to differences in densities of sp(2)-type defects. The potential for use of this signal to characterize defects in single-carbon-nanotube devices is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization Dependence of the C 1s X‐ray Absorption Spectra of Individual Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Najafi

Cruz

Obst

et al. 2008

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“…In the stack area, no differences in the spectra were observed. The two prominent spectral resonances are characteristic for CNTs, and have been reported before [12,58,193,223]. The peak at 285.3 eV, stems from the transition 1s → π * C=C in aromatic rings, the resonance at 291.5 eV is the corresponding transition 1s → σ * C-C .…”

Section: Experiments At Bessy IImentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Therefore, in the following section the sorption of the heavy metal uranyl (U VI) is studied and compared to the findings of Schierz and Zaenker [162]. [11,12,29,35,58,110,193,223]. shoulder, becomes broader with more defects…”

Section: Cnts 67mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pristine CNTs are mainly chemically inert, which prevents them from being biodegraded; therefore, it is important to analyze their (long-term) effects on the environment. X-ray spectromicroscopy has been applied to CNTs before [11,12,58,110,193,223], but only under special laboratory conditions, such as high temperatures or high vacuum. For the experiments reported in the following [167], the multi-walled CNTs studied in section 5.1 (outer diameter of 10 nm -30 nm and a length distribution of 0.5 µm -2 µm) [162] were used and studied under ambient conditions.…”

Section: Cnts and Interaction With Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soft x-ray spectromicroscopy of environmental and biological samples

Sedlmair¹

2011

Göttingen Series in X-Ray Physics

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“…The spectra of pristine SWCNTs are characterized by three main features: A, B and C (outlined by the solid lines) at about 285.5, 288.5 and 292.5 eV, respectively. Based on previous XANES studies the feature A is assigned to the π* excitation of CC bonds while the feature C to the σ * excitation [19][20][21][22][23]. The feature B has been recently recognized as a transition to sp 3 hybridized states due to oxygenated surface groups [19][20][21].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison between powders and thin films of single-walled carbon nanotubes for the adsorption behaviors of phenylalanine and glycine by XANES study

Yao

Zhong

Liang

et al. 2010

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

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We have compared the adsorption behaviors between single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) powders and thin films with amino acids such as phenylalanine and glycine by using the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. On SWCNT powders very weak adsorption occurs as confirmed also by studies at high solution concentrations. The comparison of the adsorption behaviors with previous reports for thin films of SWCNTs shows that, due to their compact structure, thin films favor the adsorption of amino acids and represent themselves good candidate for a reliable evaluation of the interaction among amino acids and SWCNTs. carbon nanotubes, XANES, amino acids PACS: 88.30.rh, 61.10.Ht, 87.85.J-The study of the adsorption of biological molecules on nanostructures like SWCNTs attracts considerable attention because of increasing applications of nanometer scale biosensors and biomedical devices. Different methods for the functionalization of carbon nanotubes by the adsorption of biological molecules have already been reported, yet there is still insufficient understanding of the interaction between SWCNTs and simple biological molecules [1-9]. Heller et al. showed a transition of the DNA secondary structure from B to Z conformation modulated by the dielectric environment of SWCNTs [1]. Recently, the peptide/SWCNTs interaction and the adsorption of biological molecules with different aromatic structures on SWCNTs have been investigated [2][3][4]. Amino acids are building blocks of proteins (polypeptides) and then essential biological molecules whose interaction with SWCNTs is a fundamental issue to be fully understood.Short of the characterization methods at single-bond resolution, the adsorption mechanism of biological molecules on SWCNTs is still an open question. The X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy is an element-specific technique that provides the fingerprint of the chemical interaction and accurate electronic details at the interface of complex systems [10,11]. As the method is good for characterizing biological molecules/SWCNTs systems, it has been employed to study amino acids and simple polypeptides [12][13][14]. The adsorption of proteins on the surface of SWCNTs has been explored by XANES and the characteristic feature of the peptide C==O bonds in proteins was found to be affected by the graphene-like structure of SWCNTs [15]. Also the adsorption of amino acids on SWCNTs has been studied by XANES [16]. A clear energy

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Scanning transmission x-ray microscopy of isolated multiwall carbon nanotubes

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Polarization Dependence of the C 1s X‐ray Absorption Spectra of Individual Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Polarization Dependence of the C 1s X‐ray Absorption Spectra of Individual Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Soft x-ray spectromicroscopy of environmental and biological samples

A comparison between powders and thin films of single-walled carbon nanotubes for the adsorption behaviors of phenylalanine and glycine by XANES study

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