Scanning Electron Microscopy

Erdman, Natasha; Bell, David C.; Reichelt, Rudolf

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-00069-1_5

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 247 publications

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“…The signal resulting from interaction of the beam with the specimen is collected by a suitable electron detector and used to modulate the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) brightness. In most applications, it is the low-energy secondary electrons, which are thus used to form a picture of the specimen on the CRT face (5) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SEM is a type of electron microscope that describes the sample by scanning it with a focused beam of electrons. The electrons interact with atoms in the sample that make up the sample producing various signals that contain information about the sample surface topography, composition and properties (4,5) . The electron beam is generally scanned in a raster scan pattern, and the beam's position is combined with the detected signal to produce an image.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scanning Electron Microscopic Analysis of Clays in The Soils of Lower Atrai Basin of Bangladesh

Islam

Khan

Hussain

et al. 2022

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci

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Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of clay samples from four different soil series, viz. Binsara, Taras, Jaonia, and Manda in the Lower Atrai Basin of Bangladesh was performed to characterize the clay minerals. The micrographs of SEM were obtained at three different magnification levels, such as low (2,000x), medium (5,000x), and high (10,000x). The SEM proved to be ideally feasible for studying the size, shape, texture, and fabric of clay samples. The electron micrographs of clays in the Binsara soil series have shown well-formed six-sided flakes. These six-sided flake particles are 1 : 1 type (well-crystallized) kaolinite minerals. The lath-shaped, rounded flakes are the well crystallized 2:1 type illite mineral in clays of Taras and Jaonia soil series. The rod-shaped fluffy masses/flakes are the indication of the presence of 2 : 1 type vermiculite in the clays of Manda soil series. The rounded particles in all soils are quartz grains. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(1): 105-115, 2022 (January)

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning Electron Microscopic Analysis of Clays in The Soils of Lower Atrai Basin of Bangladesh

Islam

Khan

Hussain

et al. 2022

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci

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“…The specimens were transferred into iso-amyl acetate solution for 3 times, 20 min each and were dried [ 20 ]. Finally, the samples were coated by sputtering with IB-3 ion sputtering (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) [ 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Lard and Vegetable Oils Supplementation Quality and Concentration on Laying Performance, Egg Quality and Liver Antioxidant Genes Expression in Hy-Line Brown

Zhang

Chen

Yang

et al. 2021

Animals

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This study examined the effects of various types, quality, and levels of dietary oils on laying performance and the expression patterns of antioxidant-related genes in Hy-line brown laying hens. A total of 720 40-week-old Hy-line brown laying hens were fed the same corn-soybean basal meals but containing 0.5 or 1.5% normal or oxidized soybean oil or lard, a total of 8 treatments. The results showed that laying rate (LR) and fatty acids of raw yolk were significantly correlated dietary type of oil (p < 0.05). With the increasing concentration of normal oil, it significantly increased LR and decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR, feed/egg) and albumen height of laying hens. The oxidized oil significant decreased the production performance of laying hens; and adding 1.5% of oxidized lard into feeds could destroy the integrity of yolk spheres of cooked yolk. mRNA expression of liver antioxidant-related genes increased when dietary oxidized oils were added into feeds. By comparing different qualities oil effect on antioxidant-related genes, the expression of Glutathione S-Transferase Theta 1 (GSTT1), Glutathione S-Transferase Alpha 3 (GSTA3), Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 2 (GSTO2), and Superoxide Dismutase 2 (SOD2) were increased when dietary oils were oxidized, in which change of the GSTO2 expression was the most with 1.5% of oxidized soybean oil. In conclusion, the ideal type of oil for Hy-line brown layer hens is soybean comparing with lard in a corn-soybean diet, avoiding using of oxidized oil.

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“…The nanostructures of the aerogel samples were investigated with a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) [51,52]. Scanning electron microscopy operating at electron energies below 5 keV is usually termed Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy (LVSEM) [53]. The advantages of low acceleration voltage derive directly from the energy dependence of the electron-specimen interactions.…”

Section: Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy (Lvsem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

False Morphology of Aerogels Caused by Gold Coating for SEM Imaging

et al. 2021

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The imaging of non-conducting materials by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is most often performed after depositing few nanometers thick conductive layers on the samples. It is shown in this work, that even a 5 nm thick sputtered gold layer can dramatically alter the morphology and the surface structure of many different types of aerogels. Silica, polyimide, polyamide, calcium-alginate and cellulose aerogels were imaged in their pristine forms and after gold sputtering utilizing low voltage scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM) in order to reduce charging effects. The morphological features seen in the SEM images of the pristine samples are in excellent agreement with the structural parameters of the aerogels measured by nitrogen adsorption-desorption porosimetry. In contrast, the morphologies of the sputter coated samples are significantly distorted and feature nanostructured gold. These findings point out that extra care should be taken in order to ensure that gold sputtering does not cause morphological artifacts. Otherwise, the application of low voltage scanning electron microscopy even yields high resolution images of pristine non-conducting aerogels.

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Scanning Electron Microscopy

Cited by 35 publications

References 247 publications

Scanning Electron Microscopic Analysis of Clays in The Soils of Lower Atrai Basin of Bangladesh

Scanning Electron Microscopic Analysis of Clays in The Soils of Lower Atrai Basin of Bangladesh

Effects of Lard and Vegetable Oils Supplementation Quality and Concentration on Laying Performance, Egg Quality and Liver Antioxidant Genes Expression in Hy-Line Brown

False Morphology of Aerogels Caused by Gold Coating for SEM Imaging

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