Scanning electron microscopy of the capillary loops in the dermal papillae of the hand in primates, including man

Ikeda, Akira; Umeda, N.; Tsuda, Kuniyoshi; Ohta, Shigeo

doi:10.1002/jemt.1060190404

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is in strong contradiction to all existing descriptions (Inoue, ; Ikeda et al. ; Braverman, , ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…Existing studies visualized the dermal arteries with the Spalteholz technique (Spalteholz, ), the corrosion cast technique (with and without scanning electron microscopy) (Conrad, ; Inoue, ; Ikeda et al. ; Hasegawa et al. ), optical coherence microscopy (OCT; Zhang et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each dermal papilla receives a capillary (Horstmann, 1957;Ikeda et al 1991;Sangiorgi et al 2004). Once inside the papilla, the capillary ascends towards the tip of the papilla, turns, and descends to drain into a venous plexus, which is again formed in the papillary dermis (Spalteholz, 1927;Horstmann, 1957;Yen & Braverman, 1976;Inoue, 1978;Braverman, 2000;Kanitakis, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The dermal arteries of the human thumb pad

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The arteries of the skin have been postulated to form a profound plexus at the dermal/hypodermal junction and a superficial plexus in the papillary dermis. Our article aims to rebut this concept and to provide an alternative description of the arrangement of the dermal arteries. Employing a novel technique, we produced digital volume data (volume size: 2739 9 2054 9 3000 lm 3 ; voxel size: 1.07 9 1.07 9 2 lm 3 ) from biopsies of the skin of the thumb pads of 15 body donors. Utilizing these data, we analysed the arrangement of the dermal arteries with the aid of virtual re-sectioning tools, and, in three specimens, with high-quality threedimensional (3D) surface models. In all specimens we observed a tree-like ramification of discrete dermal arteries. The terminal branches of the arterial trees gave rise to the ascending segments of the capillary loops of the dermal papillae. None of the specimens showed a superficial arterial plexus. This suggests that the skin of the human thumb pad can be split in discrete 'arterial units'. Each unit represents the zone of the papillary dermis and epidermal/dermal junction, to which blood is supplied exclusively by the branches of a single dermal artery. The concept of dermal arterial units is in contrast to all existing descriptions of the architecture of the dermal arteries. However, whether it can be transferred to the skin of other body parts, remains to be tested. Likewise, the consequences of arterial units for understanding the mechanisms of wound healing and the appearance and genesis of skin diseases remain to be examined.

show abstract

“…This is in strong contradiction to all existing descriptions (Inoue, ; Ikeda et al. ; Braverman, , ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The dermal arteries of the human thumb pad

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hence, various sophisticated but essentially simple imaging methods for analysing the extension of angiosomes were developed in the last decades and immediately successfully applied for researching vascular skin territories (Braverman et al 1990;Ikeda et al 1991;Hasegawa et al 2001;Zhang et al 2011;Dalimier & Salomon, 2012). Visualising the complex architecture of dermal blood vessels has been more challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dermal arteries in the cutaneous angiosome of the descending genicular artery

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies examining thick skin of the thumb pad have challenged the existence of an arterial plexus in the papillary dermis. Instead of a plexus, discrete arterial units, interconnected by arterio-arterial anastomoses, were identified. We hypothesise that the dermal arteries of thin skin are arranged likewise and that there are fewer arterio-arterial anastomoses in the centre of an angiosome than in zones where neighbouring angiosomes overlap. To test these hypotheses, we examined the dermal arteries in the centre of the cutaneous angiosome of the descending genicular artery (DGA) and its zone of overlap with neighbouring angiosomes. Using traditional perfusion techniques, the cutaneous angiosomes of the DGA and the popliteal artery were identified in 11 fresh frozen human lower limbs. Biopsies were harvested from the centre of the cutaneous DGA angiosome and from the zone where neighbouring vascular territories overlapped. Employing high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM), digital volume data were generated and the dermal arteries were three-dimensionally reconstructed and examined. In all examined skin areas, the dermal arteries showed tree-like ramifications. The branches of the dermal arteries were connected on average by 1.73 ± 1.01 arterio-arterial anastomoses in the centre of the DGA angiosome and by 3.27 ± 1.27 in the zone where angiosomes overlapped. We demonstrate that discrete but overlapping dermal arterial units with a mean dimension of 1.62 ± 1.34 and 1.80 ± 1.56 mm , respectively, supply oxygen and nutrients to the superficial dermis and epidermis of the thin skin of the medial femur. This forms the basis for diagnosing and researching skin pathologies.

show abstract

“…The corrosion cast technique with and without the support of surface electron microscopy is such a method (Inoue, 1978;Ikeda et al, 1991;Sangiorgi et al, 2004;Manelli et al, 2005). The corrosion cast technique with and without the support of surface electron microscopy is such a method (Inoue, 1978;Ikeda et al, 1991;Sangiorgi et al, 2004;Manelli et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Episcopic Microscopy (HREM): A Tool for Visualizing Skin Biopsies

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We evaluate the usefulness of digital volume data produced with the high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM) method for visualizing the three-dimensional (3D) arrangement of components of human skin, and present protocols designed for processing skin biopsies for HREM data generation. A total of 328 biopsies collected from normally appearing skin and from a melanocytic nevus were processed. Cuboidal data volumes with side lengths of ~2×3×6 mm3 and voxel sizes of 1.07×1.07×1.5 µm3 were produced. HREM data fit ideally for visualizing the epidermis at large, and for producing highly detailed volume and surface-rendered 3D representations of the dermal and hypodermal components at a structural level. The architecture of the collagen fiber bundles and the spatial distribution of nevus cells can be easily visualized with volume-rendering algorithms. We conclude that HREM has great potential to serve as a routine tool for researching and diagnosing skin pathologies.

show abstract

Scanning electron microscopy of the capillary loops in the dermal papillae of the hand in primates, including man

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

The dermal arteries of the human thumb pad

The dermal arteries of the human thumb pad

The dermal arteries in the cutaneous angiosome of the descending genicular artery

High-Resolution Episcopic Microscopy (HREM): A Tool for Visualizing Skin Biopsies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About