Scanning Electron Microscopy and Electron Microprobe Studies of Bitter Pit in Apples

Accumulation of Abnormal Amyloplasts in Pulp Cells Induces Bitter Pit in Malus domestica

“…A bitter pit at the ripening stage of the fruit is characterized by the presence of sunken, water-soaked lesion spots ( Supplementary Figures 1B,D ) in the outer layers of the fruit. The cells of apples with bitter pit were observed under an optical microscope and were found to contain numerous amyloplasts; however, there were no amyloplasts in the healthy pulp cells, which were consistent with the results of a previous study ( Simons and Chu, 1980 ). Blossom-end rot (BER) in pepper fruits is known as a physiological disorder, and the healthy part of BER fruits had higher concentrations of symplastic starch ( Turhan et al, 2006 ).…”

Postharvest disorders of apples and pears

“…For additional information see Askew et al 1959Askew et al , 1960aBangerth 1970Bangerth , 1973Bangerth , 1974Bunemann 1972; Burmeister and Dilley 1991;Chamel and Bossy 1981;Coccuci et al 1983;Eksteen et al 1977;Faust and Shear 1968a, 19686;Ferguson and Watkins 1983;Fukumoto and Nagai 1983; Greene and Smith 1979;Hewett and Thompson 1989;Ludders 1979;Mahanty and Fineran 1975; Mielke and Facteau 1988;Miller 1980;Perring 1986; Perring and Pearson 1986; Simons and Chu 1980, 1983Steenkamp et al 1983; Terblanche and Wooldridge 1979;Tukey 1977;Van der Boon 1980a, 19806;Van Lune 1982;Wilton 1975.…”

Histochemical and Electron Microscopic Studies on the Granular Materials Associated with Swollen Rachises of 'Muscat of Alexandria' Grape.

“…After staining with Sudan black B, granules localized mainly at the outer margin of protoplasm in abnormal cells turned to orange (Fig. 3-A (Simons and Chu, 1979). The granules found in swollen ra-chises of 'Muscat of Alexandria' grape are not starch grains because they do not stain with iodine.…”