Scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations of bacteria adhering to ileal epithelial cells in growing broiler and white leghorn chickens

Abstract

1. Bacteria adhering to the ileal epithelial cells in broiler and White Leghorn (WL) chickens aged 1 to 60 d were observed with scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopes. 2. In SEM observations, bacteria were not found on day 1 after hatching in either breed. In 10-d-old broilers many bacteria were observed around the apical area of villi. The number decreased with age and disappeared by 50 d. In WL chicks, the bacteria were first observed at 20 d. Numbers were much fewer than in broilers and none were seen after 30 d. 3. TEM investigations showed that bacteria had a cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall and nucleus but no nuclear membrane and organella, were compartmentalised and resembled Streptobacillus moniliformis. At the attachment zone to the epithelium, many mitochondria were observed in the epithelial cells; the bacterial membrane did not fuse to the epithelial cell membrane except at the apex of the attachment end where the bacterial membrane seemed to undergo lysis, suggesting a possibility that some bacterial components were transferred to the epithelial cells. 4. It is possible that the bacterial aid in the functioning of ileal epithelial cells. Possible functions are discussed in relation to the morphological features.

Transmission Electron Microscopic Demonstration of Phagocytosis and Intracellular Processing of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria by Intestinal Epithelial Cells of the Chick Ileum

“…Recently, SFB have been reported to have a potential antagonistic effect against gastrointestinal infections (8). Observations by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have revealed that the host cells to which SFB are anchored do not show any cytopathologic changes, and no inflammatory reactions have been observed in the lamina propria (6,27). SFB are therefore not pathogenic.…”

“…Although SFB are host specific (1, 24), there are at present no indications that host responses to SFB are different in mice or chickens. Attachment of SFB was recognized by a distorted cell membrane and a thickened and more electrondense underlying area of the host cell (4,7,12,16,27), which has later been identified as an accumulation of actin filaments at the attachment site (9). These morphological changes indicate a definite host reaction and imply a cell-metabolic response.…”

Light and scanning electron microscopy of the small intestine of goat (Capra hircus)

“…The pieces were washed with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) then put in 0.1% osmium tetraoxide in the same buffer for 2 h. Then, the pieces were dehydrated using a graded ethanolseries from 70 to 100%, critical point dried in a Seevac CO2 Critical Point Dryer, mounted on _inch Zeissaluminum SEM mounts using colloidal silver paste, and sputter coated with gold using a Hummer II Sputter Coater then examined by a JEOL-5400 LV scanning electron microscope. These procedures were as described by Yamauchi et al (1990) and Maneewan and Yamauchi (2003). Anatomical nomenclature used in this study was based on the Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria (I. C. V. G. A. N., 2005) whenever possible.…”

Comparative study of the inclusion of sunflower hulls in the diet on growth performance and digestive tract traits of broilers and pullets from 0 to 21 days of age

“…However, on relative weight LITERATURE REVIEW AND OBJECTIVES basis the unselected birds had the heaviest weights for all segments of SI. Yamauchi et al (1990) reported that at hatch, pullets and broilers had similar uniform finger-like villus structure, but that at 10 d of age broilers had a more developed villus and goblet cells than pullets. This research demonstrated that within the first 10 d of age all the segments of the SI developed faster in broilers than in pullets.…”

“…This research demonstrated that within the first 10 d of age all the segments of the SI developed faster in broilers than in pullets. Moreover, Yamauchi et al (1990) suggested that rapid development of GIT could be the main contributing factor for the increased rate of BW gain observed for broilers. Uni et al (1995ab) reported larger and more organized villus in all segments of the SI of broilers than those of pullets at 7 d of age.…”