Scandium extraction from silicates by hydrometallurgical process at normal pressure and temperature

Zhang, Yanjun; Zhao, Hongbo; Sun, Menglin; Zhang, Yisheng; Meng, Xiaoyu; Zhang, Luyan; Lv, Xin; Davaasambuu, Sarangerel; Qiu, Guanzhou

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.11.012

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Eudialyte-group minerals (EGMs) are of significant scientific and industrial interest as important concentrators of rare and strategic elements [mainly, Zr and rare earth elements (REE)] in agpaitic alkaline rocks (Marks et al, 2020;Mikhailova et al, 2020;Kogarko & Nielsen, 2020;Atanasova et al, 2020;Kogarko, 2020;Schilling et al, 2011;Kogarko et al, 2010;Sheard et al, 2012) and are considered as potential source of these elements (Binnemans & Jones, 2017;Chanturiya et al, 2020;Balinski et al, 2020Balinski et al, , 2019aZhang et al, 2020). The general crystal chemical formula of EGMs is [N(1) 3 N(2) 3 N(3) 3 N(4) 3 N(5) 3 ]{M(1) 6 M(2) 3 M(3)M(4)Z 3 [Si 9 -O 27-3x (OH) 3x ] 2 (Si 3 O 9 ) 2 Ø 0-6 }X(1)X( 2), where M(1) = VI Ca, VI Mn 2+ , VI REE, VI Na, VI Fe 2+ ; M(2) = IV,V Fe 2+ , V,VI Fe 3+ , V,VI Mn 2+ , V,VI Na, IV,V Zr; M(3) and M(4) = IV Si, VI Nb, VI Ti, 5) are extraframework cations (Na, H 3 O + , K, Sr, Ln, Y Ba, Mn 2+ , Ca) or H 2 O; X(1) and X(2) are extra-framework water molecules, halide (Cl À , F À ) and chalcogenide (S 2À ) anions, and anionic groups (CO 3 2À , SO 4 2À…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of local heteropolyhedral substitutions in the stoichiometry, topological characteristics and ion-migration paths in the eudialyte-related structures: a quantitative analysis

Aksenov¹,

Kabanova²,

Чуканов³

et al. 2022

Acta Crystallogr Sect B

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Topological analysis of the heteropolyhedral MT framework (where M and T are octahedral and tetrahedral cations, respectively) in the eudialyte-type structure and its derivatives was performed based on a natural tiling analysis of the 3D cation. To analyze the migration paths of sodium cations in these structures, the Voronoi method was used. The parental eudialyte-type MT framework is formed by isolated ZO6 octahedra, six-membered [M(1)6O24] rings of edge-sharing M(1)O6 octahedra, and two kinds of rings of tetrahedra, [Si3O9] and [Si9O27]. Different occupancies of M(2), M(3) and M(4) sites with variable coordination numbers by the additional Q, T* and M* cations, respectively, result in 12 different types of the MT framework. Based on the results of natural tilings calculations as well as theoretical analysis of migration paths, it is found that Na+ ions can migrate through six- and seven-membered rings, while all other rings are too small for the migration. In eight types of MT frameworks, Na+-ion migration and diffusion is possible at ambient temperature and pressure, while in four other types cages are connected by narrow windows and, as a result, the Na+ diffusion in them is complicated at ambient conditions because of the window diameter, but may be possible either at higher temperatures or under mild geological conditions for long periods of time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of local heteropolyhedral substitutions in the stoichiometry, topological characteristics and ion-migration paths in the eudialyte-related structures: a quantitative analysis

Aksenov¹,

Kabanova²,

Чуканов³

et al. 2022

Acta Crystallogr Sect B

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“…Similar results were obtained for neodymium [316]. Zhang et al (2020) demonstrated that sulfuric acid could be used for scandium extraction silicate ore [86].…”

Section: Characterization and Economic Analysis Of Silicate-based Oresupporting

confidence: 79%

“…and T is the temperature [86,343]. Results are shown in digestion for extraction of rare earth elements the economic benefits than direct leaching [127].…”

Section: Thermodynamic Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the main problem of direct leaching of silicate ores by sulfuric acid is the silica gel formation. According to Terry (1983), the following results the action of acids in the silicate [86,372] of water leaching after acid baking of rare earth concentrates varies between 0.08 -3h [35]. For this reason, for the present study, it was adopted as leaching time as 2h.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extração de escândio a partir de reservas não exploradas utilizando rota hidrometalúrgica com foco no desenvolvimento sustentável.

Botelho¹

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for the scholarship provided; I would like to express my special thanks to my supervisor, Prof. Jorge Tenório, and co-supervisor, Prof. Denise Espinosa, for their kind guidance and support throughout the PhD's program. All of their words lead me to learn a lot about how to be a professor, a researcher, a professional, and human;To my first children in academia, Iara Anes, José Helber Vinco, Lívia Martins and Lucas Guimarães for all learning and for letting me be a part of your careers;To my children of LAREX-Tupy project,

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“…The heating leaching is an effective metal hydrometallurgy technology, which can promote the leach reaction kinetics of the leaching process and obtain higher metal recovery by treating refractory ore (Kalinkin and Kalinkina, 2011;Ebadi and Pourghahramani, 2019). The corrosion effect of sulfuric acid on minerals gradually increased with the extension of the curing time and the increase of the curing temperature at the appropriate sulfuric acid dosage (Davris et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2020). However, when the amount of acid exceeds the optimal concentration, the amount of free hydrogen ions in the leachate increases with the increase of sulfuric acid, and silica gel will be produced in the solution.…”

Section: Effect Of Initial H2so4 Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the mechanism and kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching scandium from rich scandium anatase

He¹,

Gao²

2022

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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Scandium and its compounds have excellent properties, and are widely used in cutting-edge fields such as optics, electronics, and alloys. Thus, scandium is an important strategic metal. However, scandium is extremely sparsely distributed in the earth's crust, rarely occurs as an independent mineral, and requires a complex recovery process. Therefore, the study of the extraction of scandium is of great practical significance. This study examined the leaching test and kinetics of scandium under the acid leaching system of refractory anatase ore. Under appropriate two-stage countercurrent leaching conditions, the first stage of the particle size of fraction of -0.074 mm 82.6%, initial H2SO4 concentration of 6 mol/L, leaching temperature of 100 o C, acid/solid ratio of 3 ml/g, stirring speed of 300 rpm, and leaching time of 50 min; and the second stage of the initial H2SO4 concentration of 11 mol/L, leaching temperature of 150 o C, acid/solid ratio of 4 ml/g, stirring speed of 300 rpm, and leaching time of 50 min, a scandium leaching rate of 96.98% was achieved. The kinetics of scandium leaching conformed to a shrinking-core model, and sulfuric acid concentration and temperature were the most important parameters affecting the scandium leaching rate. The kinetic analysis of scandium leaching at different sulfuric acid concentrations showed that as the concentration increased, the sulfuric acid leaching of scandium changed from being chemical reaction-controlled to internal diffusion-controlled, and the apparent reaction order was 1.2429. The kinetics of scandium leaching at different temperatures showed that the sulfuric acid leaching of scandium was reaction-controlled and the apparent activation energy was 42.21 kJ-mol -1 .

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Scandium extraction from silicates by hydrometallurgical process at normal pressure and temperature

Cited by 20 publications

References 26 publications

The role of local heteropolyhedral substitutions in the stoichiometry, topological characteristics and ion-migration paths in the eudialyte-related structures: a quantitative analysis

The role of local heteropolyhedral substitutions in the stoichiometry, topological characteristics and ion-migration paths in the eudialyte-related structures: a quantitative analysis

Extração de escândio a partir de reservas não exploradas utilizando rota hidrometalúrgica com foco no desenvolvimento sustentável.

Study on the mechanism and kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching scandium from rich scandium anatase

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