Scalp Colonization by Trichophyton tonsurans in an Urban Pediatric Clinic

Sharma, Vidya; Hall, John C.; Knapp, Jane F.; Sarai, Sumandeep; Galloway, Dorthiel; Babel, Dennis E.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1988.01670100013004

Cited by 78 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, Williams et al, [7] from a similar study in a Philadelphia school, found that more than half of untreated asymptomatic carriers of T. tonsurans remained culture-positive after 2 months and suggested that these carriers play a role in the transmission of Tinea capitis within the school population. Unlike the findings of Sharma et al, [6] and an earlier study by Bronson et al, [8] that reported female African Americans to be more prone to scalp infection with dermatophyte-positive scalp cultures did not vary with gender, our study showed a higher incidence of the infection in boys in comparison with girls (P<0.05). Other studies have found that infection of the scalp with T. tonsurans occurs with equal frequency in two genders or slightly more commonly in boys.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the differences of predominant species in the study area, this is higher than that reported earlier by Sharma et al, [6] who conducted a similar survey of 200 healthy children for scalp colonization and found that 4% of those cultured were positive for T. tonsurans. The differences in these incidences may reflect a difference in the study populations and methodologies [4].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…Many cases of non-inflammatory Tinea capitis observed in our study, might be due to the involvement of some particular dermatophyte species, an example of which is T. tonsurans that appears to exist in an asymptomatic state and never come to medical attention [6,9]. This scenario was clearly shown in our study population, as the vast majority of children in our survey were asymptomatic and thus might be considered as carriers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…taking shower at least twice a week, and healthy water supply play important roles in prevention of the infection. Sharma et al, [6] suggested that the cultural practice of tight braiding and dressing of the hair with oils in young African American girls probably predisposes them to Tinea capitis. In contrast, our study showed that neither hair braiding nor the use of oils and cream rinses were associated with isolation of fungi from the scalp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tinea Capitis in Primary and Middle School Students in South-East of Iran

Ebrahimzadeh¹

2014

SJPH

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Tinea capitis is a common infection among school children, still raising public health importance in many countries. There are unpublished reports of head fungal infections, particularly Tinea capitis, in school children of Sistan and Baluchestan province, at South-East of Iran. However, the reports are only based on the clinical evidences and there is no information about the prevalence and the agents of the infection. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of Tinea capitis based on demographic information as well as laboratory determination of the causative fungal species in primary and middle school students of seven districts in Sistan and Baluchestan in 2011. During this crosssectional study, 2060 children from urban and rural primary and middle schools were randomly selected and subjected to the survey by informed consents. Their demographic information was recorded in questionnaire and specimens from suspicious students were taken by scraping the scalp and removing hair stubs. Microscopic examination and culture and subculture of the specimens were performed using Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar (S) and S + Chloramphenicol + Cyclohexamide (SCC) media and slide culture for identification of fungal agents. The surveyed children contained 56.7% female and 43.3% male. A number of 110 students (5.8%) were suspected to have Tinea capitis. Thirty-seven cases of Tinea capitis were confirmed by demonstration of dermatophytes spores or mycelium in direct smears, consisting of 25 (22.73%) ectothrix, 8 (7.27%) endothrix and 4 cases (3.63%) of favus. The dermatophytes isolated by in in vitro cultures, included 17 anthropophilic, 9 zoophilic and 3 geophilic species. The other 7 isolates were only characterised as Trichophyton mentagrophytes but remained unidentified at the level of subspecies. The prevalence of Tinea capitis in the rural school students was significantly more than that in the urban students. The infection rate in male was also significantly more than that in female. The results implied that control program with concern to the sources of infections is of great importance. Health education and development of knowledge among school children are recommended to be taken into account. It was resulted that all three sources of dermatophyte infections are involved with the incidence of Tinea capitis in children at South-East of Iran, although the anthropophilic and zoophilic reservoirs are predominant.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tinea Capitis in Primary and Middle School Students in South-East of Iran

Ebrahimzadeh¹

2014

SJPH

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“…Furthermore, the dermatophytes involved were not always T tonsurans, the most common causative agent in the United States today. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] We found that at least 1 carrier was present in 32% of households that had a child with tinea capitis. Our carrier rate of 16% among household contacts, although on the low side, was within the range of other published studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%