Scaling the Daytime Urban Heat Island and Urban-Breeze Circulation

Hidalgo, Julia; Masson, Valéry; Gimeno, Luis

doi:10.1175/2009jamc2195.1

Cited by 84 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Another contributing factor could be the generation of urban-breeze circulation, i.e. formation of convergent motions towards the city as a result of thermally induced horizontal pressure gradient (Hidalgo et al, 2010), however, it is probably not resolvable with our dynamical 10 km x 10 km resolution. Indeed, most of the studies dealing with this type of circulation used much finer horizontal step, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Regional climate model assessment of the urban land-surface forcing over central Europe

et al. 2014

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Abstract. For the purpose of qualifying and quantifying the climate impact of cities and urban surfaces in general on climate of central Europe, the surface parameterization in regional climate model RegCM4 has been extended with the Single-layer Urban Canopy Model (SLUCM). A set of experiments was performed over the period of 2005-2009 for central Europe, either without considering urban surfaces or with the SLUCM treatment. Results show a statistically significant impact of urbanized surfaces on temperature (up to 1.5 K increase in summer) as well as on the boundary layer height (increases up to 50 m). Urbanization further influences surface wind with a winter decrease up to −0.6 m s −1 , though both increases and decreases were detected in summer depending on the location relative to the cities and daytime (changes up to 0.3 m s −1 ). Urban surfaces significantly reduce the humidity over the surface. This impacts the simulated summer precipitation rate, showing a decrease over cities of up to −2 mm day −1 . Significant temperature increases are simulated over higher altitudes as well, not only within the urban canopy layer. With the urban parameterization, the climate model better describes the diurnal temperature variation, reducing the cold afternoon and evening bias of RegCM4.Sensitivity experiments were carried out to quantify the response of the meteorological conditions to changes in the parameters specific to the urban environment, such as street width, building height, albedo of the roofs and anthropogenic heat release. The results proved to be rather robust and the choice of the key SLUCM parameters impacts them only slightly (mainly temperature, boundary layer height and wind velocity).Statistically significant impacts are modelled not only over large urbanized areas, but the influence of the cities is also evident over rural areas without major urban surfaces. It is shown that this is the result of the combined effect of the distant influence of the cities and the influence of the minor local urban surface coverage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Regional climate model assessment of the urban land-surface forcing over central Europe

et al. 2014

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“…9). The Meso-NH-SYMPHONIE coupled system shows the southward advection of cold air that led to a large decrease in the air temperature by more than 10 used to analyze various urban climate processes, e.g., air pollution (Sarrat et al, 2006), the vertical structure of the boundary layer of coastal cities (Lemonsu et al, 2006b, a;Pigeon et al, 2007), and urban breeze (Hidalgo et al, 2008(Hidalgo et al, , 2010. More recently, the ability to perform hectometric resolution simulations opened a new field of urban climate research: the study and multi-scale evaluation of adaptation strategies of cities to climate change (Lemonsu et al, 2013).…”

Section: Oceans and Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the Meso-NH model version 5.4 and its applications

Lac¹,

Chaboureau²,

Masson³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. This paper presents the Meso-NH model version 5.4. Meso-NH is an atmospheric non hydrostatic research model that is applied to a broad range of resolutions, from synoptic to turbulent scales, and is designed for studies of physics and chemistry. It is a limited-area model employing advanced numerical techniques, including monotonic advection schemes for scalar transport and fourth-order centered or odd-order WENO advection schemes for momentum. The model includes stateof-the-art physics parameterization schemes that are important to represent convective-scale phenomena and turbulent eddies, and cyclones with ocean coupling. Here, we present the main innovations to the dynamics and physics of the code since the pioneer paper of Lafore et al. (1998) and provide an overview of recent applications and couplings.

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“…It is interesting to note that the intensities of the UHI and SUHI during nighttime in the summer were consistently weaker than those of other seasons. The weak intensity of the UHI during the daytime, irrespective of seasons, may be related to decreased atmospheric vertical stability during radiative heating of the land surface, which activates vertical and horizontal mixing [31,32].…”

Section: Diurnal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Surface Urban Heat Islands over Three Megacities in East Asia Using Land Surface Temperature Data Retrieved from COMS

2014

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Surface urban heat island (SUHI) impacts control the exchange of sensible heat and latent heat between land and atmosphere and can worsen extreme climate events, such as heat waves. This study assessed SUHIs over three megacities (Seoul, Tokyo, Beijing) in East Asia using one-year (April 2011-March 2012) land surface temperature (LST) data retrieved from the Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS). The spatio-temporal variations of SUHI and the relationship between SUHI and vegetation activity were analyzed using hourly cloud-free LST data. In general, the LST was higher in low latitudes, low altitudes, urban areas and dry regions compared to high latitudes, high altitudes, rural areas and vegetated areas. In particular, the LST over the three megacities was always higher than that in the surrounding rural areas. The SUHI showed a maximum intensity (10-13 °C) at noon during the summer, irrespective of the geographic location of the city, but weak intensities (4-7 °C) were observed during other times and seasons. In general, the SUHI intensity over the three megacities showed strong seasonal (diurnal) variations during the daytime (summer) and weak seasonal (diurnal) variations during the nighttime (other seasons). As a result, the temporal variation pattern of SUHIs was quite different from that of urban heat islands, and the SUHIs showed a distinct maximum at noon of the summer months and weak intensities during the nighttime of all seasons. The patterns of seasonal and diurnal variations of the SUHIs were clearly dependent on the geographic environment of cities. In addition, the intensity of SUHIs showed a strong OPEN ACCESS Remote Sens. 2014, 6 5853 negative relationship with vegetation activity during the daytime, but no such relationship was observed during the nighttime. This suggests that the SUHI intensity is mainly controlled by differences in evapotranspiration (or the Bowen ratio) between urban and rural areas during the daytime.

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Scaling the Daytime Urban Heat Island and Urban-Breeze Circulation

Cited by 84 publications

References 34 publications

Regional climate model assessment of the urban land-surface forcing over central Europe

Regional climate model assessment of the urban land-surface forcing over central Europe

Overview of the Meso-NH model version 5.4 and its applications

Assessment of Surface Urban Heat Islands over Three Megacities in East Asia Using Land Surface Temperature Data Retrieved from COMS

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