Scaling Properties, Multifractality and Range of Correlations in Earthquake Time Series: Are Earthquakes Random?

Michas, Georgios; Vallianatos, Filippos

doi:10.1002/9781119825050.ch7

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The q -exponential scaling behavior of interevent times for T < T c can be originated from a simple mechanism, namely a gamma-distributed allocated parameter ( β ) of the local Poisson process, and may be used to explain the interevent time distribution in aftershock sequences. The T c value indicated that in the early aftershock period the majority of interevent times had T values lower than T c and their distributions were described by NESP, while properties such as long-range memory, associated with NESP, became less prominent as the system relaxed and the BG statistical physics recovered [ 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This implied that a stochastic mechanism with memory effects can be the driving mechanism in the temporal evolution of an aftershock sequence. In agreement with [ 68 ] (see also [ 59 ]), we may consider the following stochastic differential equation for the evolution of seismicity:

where the temporal occurrence of earthquakes is represented by the interevent time series ( T ) after some time ( t ). The latter stochastic equation manifests two parts controlling the evolution of seismicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Universal Non-Extensive Statistical Physics Temporal Pattern of Major Subduction Zone Aftershock Sequences

Anyfadi

Avgerinou

Michas

et al. 2022

Entropy

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Large subduction-zone earthquakes generate long-lasting and wide-spread aftershock sequences. The physical and statistical patterns of these aftershock sequences are of considerable importance for better understanding earthquake dynamics and for seismic hazard assessments and earthquake risk mitigation. In this work, we analyzed the statistical properties of 42 aftershock sequences in terms of their temporal evolution. These aftershock sequences followed recent large subduction-zone earthquakes of M ≥ 7.0 with focal depths less than 70 km that have occurred worldwide since 1976. Their temporal properties were analyzed by investigating the probability distribution of the interevent times between successive aftershocks in terms of non-extensive statistical physics (NESP). We demonstrate the presence of a crossover behavior from power-law (q ≠ 1) to exponential (q = 1) scaling for greater interevent times. The estimated entropic q-values characterizing the observed distributions range from 1.67 to 1.83. The q-exponential behavior, along with the crossover behavior observed for greater interevent times, are further discussed in terms of superstatistics and in view of a stochastic mechanism with memory effects, which could generate the observed scaling patterns of the interevent time evolution in earthquake aftershock sequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universal Non-Extensive Statistical Physics Temporal Pattern of Major Subduction Zone Aftershock Sequences

Anyfadi

Avgerinou

Michas

et al. 2022

Entropy

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“…Hence, the q -value shows how far, or close, the tail of the distribution is to exponential random behavior, while the τ 0 value marks the crossover point to this second regime. The q -generalized gamma function has been found to approximate the inter-event time distributions in nonstationary earthquake time series quite well [ 69 , 72 , 73 , 74 ], indicating both short- and long-term clustering effects in the evolution of the earthquake activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster Analysis of Seismicity in the Eastern Gulf of Corinth Based on a Waveform Template Matching Catalog

Kapetanidis

Michas

Spingos

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The Corinth Rift, in Central Greece, is one of the most seismically active areas in Europe. In the eastern part of the Gulf of Corinth, which has been the site of numerous large and destructive earthquakes in both historic and modern times, a pronounced earthquake swarm occurred in 2020–2021 at the Perachora peninsula. Herein, we present an in-depth analysis of this sequence, employing a high-resolution relocated earthquake catalog, further enhanced by the application of a multi-channel template matching technique, producing additional detections of over 7600 events between January 2020 and June 2021. Single-station template matching enriches the original catalog thirty-fold, providing origin times and magnitudes for over 24,000 events. We explore the variable levels of spatial and temporal resolution in the catalogs of different completeness magnitudes and also of variable location uncertainties. We characterize the frequency–magnitude distributions using the Gutenberg–Richter scaling relation and discuss possible b-value temporal variations that appear during the swarm and their implications for the stress levels in the area. The evolution of the swarm is further analyzed through spatiotemporal clustering methods, while the temporal properties of multiplet families indicate that short-lived seismic bursts, associated with the swarm, dominate the catalogs. Multiplet families present clustering effects at all time scales, suggesting triggering by aseismic factors, such as fluid diffusion, rather than constant stress loading, in accordance with the spatiotemporal migration patterns of seismicity.

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“…However, large aftershocks may trigger secondary aftershock sequences embedded in the aftershock sequence of the mainshock. In this case, several Omori regimes may be used to model the aftershocks production rate n(t) [89][90][91]: (9) where H(•) denotes a unit step function and t 2 , t 3 indicates the occurrence times of secondary aftershock sequences. In Figure 16, breaks are observed in the cumulative number of aftershocks for both spatial clusters that are associated with strong aftershocks and the generation of secondary aftershock sequences.…”

Section: Temporal Properties Of the Aftershock Sequence 71 Aftershock...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then model the observed distributions with the q-exponential function, derived in the framework of NESP [72,82,84,86,[92][93][94][95][96]. It has been shown in various studies that the q-exponential function appropriately describes the distribution of interevent times in global, regional, and volcanic earthquake activity, as well as in aftershock sequences [73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][91][92][93][94][95][96].…”

Section: The Interevent Times Distributions For the Foreshock And Aft...mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Patterns and Scaling Properties of the 2021–2022 Arkalochori Earthquake Sequence (Central Crete, Greece) Based on Seismological, Geophysical and Satellite Observations

et al. 2022

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The 27 September 2021 damaging mainshock (Mw6.0) close to Arkalochori village is the strongest earthquake that was recorded during the instrumental period of seismicity in Central Crete (Greece). The mainshock was preceded by a significant number of foreshocks that lasted nearly four months. Maximum ground subsidence of about 18 cm was estimated from InSAR processing. The aftershock sequence is located in an almost NE-SW direction and divided into two main clusters, the southern and the northern ones. The foreshock activity, the deformation area, and the strongest aftershocks are located within the southern cluster. Based on body-wave travel times, a 3-D velocity model was developed, while using combined space and ground-based geodetic techniques, the co-seismic ground deformation is presented. Moreover, we examined the co-seismic static stress changes with respect to the aftershocks’ spatial distribution during the major events of the foreshocks, the Mw = 6.0 main event as well as the largest aftershock. Both the foreshock and the aftershock sequences obey the scaling law for the frequency-magnitude distribution as derived from the framework of non-extensive statistical physics (NESP). The aftershock production rate decays according to the modified Omori scaling law, exhibiting various Omori regimes due to the generation of secondary aftershock sequences. The analysis of the inter-event time distribution, based on NESP, further indicates asymptotic power-law scaling and long-range correlations among the events. The spatiotemporal evolution of the aftershock sequence indicates triggering by co-seismic stress transfer, while its slow migration towards the outer edges of the area of the aftershocks, related to the logarithm of time, further indicates a possible afterslip.

show abstract

Scaling Properties, Multifractality and Range of Correlations in Earthquake Time Series: Are Earthquakes Random?

Cited by 4 publications

References 93 publications

Universal Non-Extensive Statistical Physics Temporal Pattern of Major Subduction Zone Aftershock Sequences

Universal Non-Extensive Statistical Physics Temporal Pattern of Major Subduction Zone Aftershock Sequences

Cluster Analysis of Seismicity in the Eastern Gulf of Corinth Based on a Waveform Template Matching Catalog

On the Patterns and Scaling Properties of the 2021–2022 Arkalochori Earthquake Sequence (Central Crete, Greece) Based on Seismological, Geophysical and Satellite Observations

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