Scaling Out Virtual Interview Training for Transition-Age Youth: A Quasi-Experimental Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study

Smith, Matthew J.; Sherwood, Kari; Ross, Brittany; Oulvey, Eugene; Monahan, Julie A.; Sipovic, Jessica E.; Atkins, Marc S.; Danielson, Elizabeth C.; Jordan, Neil; Smith, Justin D.

doi:10.1177/21651434221081273

Cited by 11 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A logistic regression also showed that the VIT-TAY+Pre-ETS group was more likely to obtain competitive employment after 6 months than the Pre-ETS only group ( 37 ). A subsequent study comparing VIT-TAY outcomes with processed data from the prior VR-JIT study found that 48.1% of VIT-TAY participants obtained new jobs ( n = 168) between baseline and follow-up, which was significantly higher than the 32.7% job attainment rate of VR-JIT participants ( 38 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT) and Job Interview Training with Molly Porter programs, the human resource manager “Molly Porter” generated interview questions based on the participants' job modification needs and their verbal responses ( 32 , 34 – 36 ). A subsequent adapted version added screen reader capabilities and a virtual job coach that provided additional support and feedback ( 37 , 38 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Teachers in the schools volunteered to be trained to facilitate the VIT-TAY sessions, which paved the way for implementing this intervention beyond the research period. Participants receiving VIT-TAY not only improved in job interview skills, but also achieved higher rates of competitive employment ( 37 , 38 ). Therefore, AR/VR interventions with features that bridged ongoing psychiatric rehabilitation programs appeared to maximize outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study by Cox et al showed that automated feedback provided by the virtual driving simulator did not differ from trainers' feedback ( 21 ). The studies on Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth (VIT-TAY) also showed that a virtual job coach was able to provide additional support and feedback during the job interview training ( 37 , 38 ). Therefore, it would be useful to establish the sensitivity and precision of VR or AR-enabled feedback systems and explore how these could maximize learning of new functional skills.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Delivering the intervention in the context of an existing program in a natural setting appeared to yield benefits in functional outcomes and could facilitate generalizability. For example, the VIT-TAY intervention was implemented for youths with ASD attending pre-employment transition services (Pre-ETS) in schools ( 37 , 38 ). Teachers in the schools volunteered to be trained to facilitate the VIT-TAY sessions, which paved the way for implementing this intervention beyond the research period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of virtual reality and augmented reality in psychosocial rehabilitation for adults with neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesVirtual reality and augmented reality have been used in psychosocial rehabilitation for adults with neurodevelopmental disorders in recent years, to provide functional training in a scaffolded and appealing manner. This systematic review attempted to evaluate (1) how virtual reality or augmented reality technology was deployed, when used as an intervention for adults with neurodevelopmental disorders; and (2) how virtual or augmented reality-assisted psychosocial rehabilitation programs impacted on the functional domains of community living, employment and social participation.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was adopted and a search of publications between June 2012 and June 2022 was carried out. The target groups were adults with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorders, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disabilities and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Interventions that targeted at least one functional domain were included.ResultsThe database search generated 1,267 records and 38 studies met the inclusion criteria. Three studies utilized augmented reality while the rest utilized virtual reality. The virtual scenarios were displayed in various ways, such as head-mounted displays, computer screens, mobile devices and cave rooms. A few studies also used features such as speech recognition, eye tracking and motion-capture device to provide real-time feedback to participants during rehabilitation. Eleven studies reported interventions that addressed community living, 15 studies addressed vocational skills and nine studies trained participants in social skills or social cognition. Three studies sought to improve quality of life using virtual scenarios to expose participants to various situations. Majority of these studies reported preliminary promising results, with improvement in the functional domains addressed. However, several studies had small sample sizes and many single-arm pretest-posttest studies were assessed to be of serious or critical risk of bias.ConclusionVirtual reality and augmented reality are deployed in various ways to augment psychosocial rehabilitation for adults with neurodevelopmental disorders. Most interventions target skills training or strategy learning in the areas of community living, work and social participation. Preliminary positive findings of their effects on functional performance were reported. Larger and robust studies using ecologically valid outcome measures will be needed to establish their effects on real-world functional outcomes.Systematic review registrationidentifier: CRD42022335443.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%