Scaling of osmotic regulation in mammals and birds

Calder, William A.; Braun, Eldon J.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1983.244.5.r601

Cited by 78 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…where Cwater is the concentration of corresponding element in water (mg/L). The water ingestion rate was calculated allometrically according to Calder and Braun (1983) …”

Section: Calculation Of the Hazard Quotientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening risk assessment tools for assessing the environmental impact in an abandoned pyritic mine in Spain

Moreno-Jiménez

García‐Gómez

Oropesa

et al. 2011

Science of The Total Environment

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El acceso a la versión del editor puede requerir la suscripción del recurso Access to the published version may require subscription This paper describes a new methodology for assessing site-specific environmental impact of contaminants. The proposed method integrates traditional risk assessment approaches with real and variable environmental characteristics at a local scale. Environmental impact on selected receptors was classified for each environmental compartment into 5 categories derived from the whole (chronic and acute) risk assessment using 8 risk levels. Risk levels were established according to three hazard quotients (HQs) which represented the ratio of exposure to acute and chronic toxicity values. This tool allowed integrating in only one impact category all the elements involved in the standard risk assessment. The methodology was applied to an abandoned metal mine in Spain, where high levels of As, Cd, Zn and Cu were detected. Risk affecting potential receptors such as aquatic and soil organisms and terrestrial vertebrates were assessed. Whole results showed that impact to the ecosystem is likely high and further investigation or remedial actions are necessary. Some proposals to refine the risk assessment for a more realistic diagnostic are included.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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“…where Cwater is the concentration of corresponding element in water (mg/L). The water ingestion rate was calculated allometrically according to Calder and Braun (1983) …”

Section: Calculation Of the Hazard Quotientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening risk assessment tools for assessing the environmental impact in an abandoned pyritic mine in Spain

Moreno-Jiménez

García‐Gómez

Oropesa

et al. 2011

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Consequently, unknown peptides with uncertain osmotic activity may be involved. The allometric equation for urine and (or) plasma osmotic ratio in xeric mammals has been given as 12.4W -0.10 (Calder and Brown 1983), and osmolality of urine is reported to decrease with W as 2.564W -0.097 (95% CI for b = 0.124-0.069) (Beuchat 1990). The observed serum total protein increase, however, may not be related to the animals' osmotic status.…”

Section: Hgb and Hctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometry (scaling) of blood components in mammals: connection with economy of energy?

Kjeld

Olafsson

2008

Can. J. Zool.

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Hematocrit (HCT), blood hemoglobin (HGB), and serum concentrations of 14 commonly measured serum constituents in mammals were extracted from 131 publications published within the last 35 years and then subjected to allometric study (Y = aW b , where Y is the characteristic studied, W is body mass, and b is the scaling exponent). HCT and HGB values decreased (b < 0; p < 0.001) with body mass (W), as did serum K + , glucose, triglycerides, and urea values. In contrast, serum total protein and creatinine values increased (b > 0; p < 0.02 and p < 0.001, respectively) with W. The associations of HCT, HGB, glucose, triglycerides, and urea values with W may be assumed to coincide with the well-known reduction of metabolic rate per unit mass with increasing W of mammals. The decrease in serum K + values (p < 0.001) has yet to be adequately explained. Despite the ratio of muscle mass and W being constant for large and small mammals, serum values of creatinine rose (b = 0.14; p < 0.0001) with W. This suggests increased phosphocreatine turnover in muscles with W, which in turn might be connected to the increased efficiency reported for leg muscles in larger animals and, conceivably, might affect the measurement of metabolic rate and hence its scaling in mammals. Même si le rapport de la masse musculaire et de W est constant chez les mammifères, grands et petits, les concentrations de créatinine augmentent (b = 0,14; p < 0,0001) en fonction de W. Cela laisse croire à un taux de renouvellement plus important de la phosphocréatinine dans les muscles avec une augmentation de W, ce qui, à son tour, peut être relié à l'efficacité plus grande signalée dans les muscles des jambes chez les animaux plus grands; cela peut vraisemblablement affecter la mesure du taux métabolique et expliquer son échelonnage chez les mammifères.[Traduit par la Rédaction]

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“…The other available data for nectarivorous birds, however, suggest that GFRs are lower than expected (Table·1; Bennett and Hughes, 2003;McWhorter et al, 2004). To find out if diurnal GFR is higher or lower than expected from M b in nectarivorous birds (Calder and Braun, 1983), we used phylogenetically independent contrasts (PICs) and the method proposed by Garland and Adolph (1994). We used the DNA-DNA hybridization tapestry of Sibley and Ahlquist (1991) as a hypothesis for the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary distances of birds (Fig.·8A).…”

Section: Gfr During the Nightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hummingbirds arrest their kidneys at night: diel variation in glomerular filtration rate in Selasphorus platycercus

Bakken

McWhorter

Tsahar

et al. 2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Small nectarivorous vertebrates face a quandary. When feeding, they must eliminate prodigious quantities of water; however, when they are not feeding, they are susceptible to dehydration. We examined the role of the kidney in the resolution of this osmoregulatory dilemma. Broad-tailed hummingbirds (Selasphorus platycercus) displayed diurnal variation in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). During the morning, midday and evening, GFRs were 0.9±0.6, 1.8±0.4 and 2.3±0.5·ml·h -1 , respectively. At midday, GFR increased linearly with increased water intake. During the evening, hummingbirds decreased renal fractional water reabsorption linearly with increased water intake. Broad-tailed hummingbirds appeared to cease GFR at night (-0.1±0.2·ml·h -1 ) and decreased GFR in response to short-term (~1.5·h) water deprivation. GFR seems to be very responsive to water deprivation in hummingbirds. Although hummingbirds and other nectarivorous birds can consume astounding amounts of water, a phylogenetically explicit allometric analysis revealed that their diurnal GFRs are not different from the expectation based on body mass.

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Scaling of osmotic regulation in mammals and birds

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Screening risk assessment tools for assessing the environmental impact in an abandoned pyritic mine in Spain

Screening risk assessment tools for assessing the environmental impact in an abandoned pyritic mine in Spain

Allometry (scaling) of blood components in mammals: connection with economy of energy?

Hummingbirds arrest their kidneys at night: diel variation in glomerular filtration rate in Selasphorus platycercus

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