Scaling Effects in Sodium Zirconium Silicate Phosphate (Na_1+xZr₂Si_xP_3−xO₁₂) Ion‐Conducting Thin Films

Abstract

Preparation of sodium zirconium silicate phosphate (NaSICon), Na 1+x Zr 2 Si x P 3 -x O 12 (0.25 ≤ x ≤ 1.0), thin films has been investigated via a chemical solution approach on platinized silicon substrates. Increasing the silicon content resulted in a reduction in the crystallite size and a reduction in the measured ionic conductivity. Processing temperature was also found to affect microstructure and ionic conductivity with higher processing temperatures resulting in larger crystallite sizes and higher ionic conductivities. The highest room temperature sodium ion conductivity was measured for an x = 0.25 composition at 2.3 3 10 -5 S/cm. The decreasing ionic conductivity trends with increasing silicon content and decreasing processing temperature are consistent with grain boundary and defect scattering of conducting ions.

Mg2+/F− Synergy to Enhance the Ionic Conductivity of Na3Zr2Si2PO12 Solid Electrolyte for Solid‐State Sodium Batteries

“…The particle size increases with the Mg 2+ /F − co‐addition content increasing to x=0.20 and then slightly decreases with further increasing Mg 2+ /F − co‐addition content. An increase in particle size can effectively reduce the concentration of grain boundary, which is beneficial to enhance the grain boundary conductivity . In order to explain this observation, we further investigate the effects of single Mg 2+ and F − on particle size of NZSP solid electrolyte.…”

Enhanced alkaline stability in a hafnium-substituted NaSICON ion conductor

“…Thin lm synthesis NHP thin lms were prepared via chemical solution deposition, adapting procedures recently reported for the growth of NZP thin lms. 31,39 It should be noted that the present chemistry is distinct from methods used by other groups, including 2methoxyethanol-based routes for thin lms, 32 or oxalic acidbased sol-gel routes for NaSICON powders. 33 In a dry, argon-lled glovebox, hafnium(IV) n-butoxide (1.695 g, 3.60 mmol, 99%, Sigma-Aldrich), 1-butanol (9.56 mL, 104 mmol, 99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich), dibutyl phosphate (1.135 g, 5.400 mmol, >97.0%, Sigma-Aldrich), and sodium ethoxide (0.123 g, 1.81 mmol, >95%, Fluka) were sequentially added to a 20 mL glass vial, ensuring thorough mixing between additions.…”

Size Effects in Sodium Ion Batteries

“…[123,125] For the anode, the decrease of voltage could help to deliver higher energy density for full batteries. For the cathode, although the decreasing voltage causes the reduction of output energy density, the voltage profile has the possibility to show a transition from plateau to slope-type curve in some cases, which is useful for the monitor of battery situation and designing battery management [182] Copyright 2016, Wiley-VCH. b) Grain boundary conductivities of Na 1.3 Ti 1.7 Al 0.3 (PO 4 ) 3 that sintered at different temperatures.…”

“…Figure 14. a) Arrhenius plots of Na-ion conductivity of Na 1+x Zr 2 Si x P 3−x O12that processed at 800 °C for compositions of x = 0.25 to 1.0. Reproduced with permission [182]. Copyright 2016, Wiley-VCH.…”