Scaling and remote monitoring of tidal lung volumes of young gray whales, <i>Eschrichtius robustus</i>

Sumich, James L.; May, Melissa

doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2008.00272.x

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Ongoing development of bio-logging tags may allow measurement of f H (Cauture et al, 2019) or respiratory flow noise (e.g. phonospirometry; Sumich and May, 2009;van der Hoop et al, 2014) that could provide estimates of f R and V T in undisturbed adult marine mammals during rest, which could help verify the current and past estimates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Respiratory Physiology in Cetaceans

et al. 2020

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In the current study, we used breath-by-breath respirometry to evaluate respiratory physiology under voluntary control in a male beluga calf [Delphinapterus leucas, body mass range (M b): 151-175 kg], an adult female (estimated M b = 500-550 kg) and a juvenile male (M b = 279 kg) false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) housed in managed care. Our results suggest that the measured breathing frequency (f R) is lower, while tidal volume (V T) is significantly greater as compared with allometric predictions from terrestrial mammals. Including previously published data from adult bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) beluga, harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), killer whale (Orcinus orca), pilot whale (Globicephala scammoni), and gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) show that the allometric mass-exponents for V T and f R are similar to that for terrestrial mammals (V T : 1.00, f R : −0.20). In addition, our results suggest an allometric relationship for respiratory flow (V), with a mass-exponent between 0.63 and 0.70, and where the expiratoryV was an average 30% higher as compared with inspiratoryV. These data provide enhanced understanding of the respiratory physiology of cetaceans and are useful to provide proxies of lung function to better understand lung health or physiological limitations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Respiratory Physiology in Cetaceans

et al. 2020

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“…The VT has been reported to vary considerably in large cetaceans both at rest and following apnea ( Epple et al, 2015 ; Kasting et al, 1989 ; Kooyman et al, 1975 ; Sumich and May, 2009 ; Wahrenbrock et al, 1974 ; B. Kriete, PhD thesis, The University of British Columbia, 1995). The average VT for a gray whale in human care (Gigi II) was 220 litres when she weighed 6200 kg ( Wahrenbrock et al, 1974 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Génin et al, 2015 ), and have been used to calculate breathing rates in free-ranging animals; however, the use of acoustic information (e.g. duration, frequency, or amplitude) from each breath has not been explored in its potential to provide measures of the variability critical for accurate estimates of energetics from breathing patterns ( Sumich and May, 2009 ; van der Hoop et al, 2014b ; our personal observations). Current work is underway to do so, and would greatly improve our ability to incorporate respiratory dynamics to properly estimate bioenergetics in free-ranging marine mammals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating energetics in cetaceans from respiratory frequency: why we need to understand physiology

et al. 2016

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The accurate estimation of field metabolic rates (FMR) in wild animals is a key component of bioenergetic models, and is important for understanding the routine limitations for survival as well as individual responses to disturbances or environmental changes. Several methods have been used to estimate FMR, including accelerometer-derived activity budgets, isotope dilution techniques, and proxies from heart rate. Counting the number of breaths is another method used to assess FMR in cetaceans, which is attractive in its simplicity and the ability to measure respiration frequency from visual cues or data loggers. This method hinges on the assumption that over time a constant tidal volume (VT) and O2 exchange fraction (ΔO2) can be used to predict FMR. To test whether this method of estimating FMR is valid, we measured breath-by-breath tidal volumes and expired O2 levels of bottlenose dolphins, and computed the O2 consumption rate (V̇O2) before and after a pre-determined duration of exercise. The measured V̇O2 was compared with three methods to estimate FMR. Each method to estimate V̇O2 included variable VT and/or ΔO2. Two assumption-based methods overestimated V̇O2 by 216-501%. Once the temporal changes in cardio-respiratory physiology, such as variation in VT and ΔO2, were taken into account, pre-exercise resting V̇O2 was predicted to within 2%, and post-exercise V̇O2 was overestimated by 12%. Our data show that a better understanding of cardiorespiratory physiology significantly improves the ability to estimate metabolic rate from respiratory frequency, and further emphasizes the importance of eco-physiology for conservation management efforts.

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“…; Kooyman et al . ; Sumich , , ; Folkow and Blix ; Sumich and May ). As a result of the paucity of data on larger species, researchers have used estimates of metabolic rate extrapolated from smaller species, to calculate energetic requirements ( e.g., Sumich , Lavigne et al .…”

Section: Measured Oxygen Consumption Rates and Bmr For A 27‐yr‐old Mamentioning

confidence: 96%

Basal metabolism of an adult male killer whale (Orcinus orca)

Worthy

Yochem

et al. 2013

Marine Mammal Science

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Knowing how much energy an individual requires is fundamental to resolving a number of questions about the role an animal plays in its ecosystem. Various authors have used different approaches to assess energy needs of in situ (free-ranging) killer whales (Orcinus orca), including estimates based on observations of prey capture and consumption rates (e.g., Williams et al. 2004, Maniscalco et al. 2007 or extrapolations from bioenergetic models using data derived from ex situ (managed in zoological parks) individuals (e.g., Kastelein and Vaughan 1989, Kasting et al. 1989, Kriete 1995, Kastelein et al. 2003. The few measurements that have been made on ex situ killer whales include assessments of respiratory capabilities (e.g., Spencer et al. 1967, Kriete 1995, quantification of food/energy intake rates (e.g., Vaughan 1989, Kastelein et al. 2000a), or measures of metabolic rate (e.g., Kasting et al. 1989, Kriete 1995. These latter measurements have frequently not met the criteria of Kleiber (1975) due to whales being immature, pregnant, and/or active. The goals of the present study were to develop a functional methodology that could be employed to measure resting oxygen consumption rates of ex situ killer whales and obtain basal metabolic rate (BMR) measurements.The foundation of any bioenergetic model is an accurate assessment of BMR. They are not only used to estimate "resting" costs, but multiples of BMR are often used to estimate total field metabolic rates. Such models are important for estimating energy expenditures since it is difficult or impossible to acquire direct measures, especially for in situ whales, due to their large size and limited accessibility. Mass-balance simulation models have been used to estimate feeding requirements for some marine mammal species (e.g., Winship et al. 2002, Williams andNoren 2009), but because actual energetic measurements (including critical estimates of BMR) are impossible 1

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Scaling and remote monitoring of tidal lung volumes of young gray whales, Eschrichtius robustus

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Comparative Respiratory Physiology in Cetaceans

Comparative Respiratory Physiology in Cetaceans

Estimating energetics in cetaceans from respiratory frequency: why we need to understand physiology

Basal metabolism of an adult male killer whale (Orcinus orca)

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