Scaleup of a Pharmaceutical Granulation in Planetary Mixers

Landín, Mariana; York, Peter; Cliff, Mike J.; Rowe, R.C.

doi:10.1081/pdt-100101349

Cited by 35 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Pioneer and more intensive works on non-conventional mixers, such as those conducted by Tanguy and co-workers in the midnineties, have been dealing mostly with miscible fluids [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] or foaming fluids [12]. From the different mixing technologies considered, the studied planetary mixer seems to be innovative enough to meetat least partiallythe need for a multi-task mixer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivation of dimensionless relationships for the agitation of powders of different flow behaviours in a planetary mixer

et al. 2014

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This study investigates the bulk agitation of free flowing or nearly cohesive granular materials in a pilot-scale planetary mixer equipped with a torque measurement system. Our major aim is to investigate the effect of the flow properties of several powders, as well as that of the set of experimental conditions (engine speeds N R and N G), on the power consumption of such a mixer. Thanks to a previous dimensional analysis of the system, this influence is studied through the variations of the power P with a characteristic speed u ch , defined from engine speeds and geometrical considerations. Two relationships involving dimensionless numbers are derived to describe the agitation process: N pG ¼ f Fr G ; NR NG and N pM = f(Fr M). For free flowing powders, a linear relationship is observed when plotting P against u ch , and the resulting process relationship linking dimensionless numbers is Np M = 15Fr M −1. In the more cohesive case, power values vary around an average value (P = 54 W) and the resulting process relationship is Np M = 1.8072Fr M −1.467. It is argued that the exponent in the representation of N pM against Fr M may be a useful parameter for powder classification, and should be linked to powder rheometrical considerations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivation of dimensionless relationships for the agitation of powders of different flow behaviours in a planetary mixer

et al. 2014

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“…Pioneer and more intensive works on non-conventional mixers have been conducted by Tanguy and co-workers. However, if we focus only on planetary mixers defined as combining dual revolution motion around two axes, the literature is still scarce [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Most of these works concern mixing of miscible fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional analysis of a planetary mixer for homogenizing of free flowing powders: Mixing time and power consumption

André¹,

Demeyre²,

Gatumel³

et al. 2012

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…This is not yet the case for the planetary mixers. Indeed, for this kind of mixing equipment, the literature is relatively scarce 1–6. In addition, some dimensionless numbers still suffer from ambiguity with respect to the characteristic speed and dimension, which should be taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional analysis for planetary mixer: Modified power and Reynolds numbers

Delaplace¹,

Guérin²,

Leuliet³

2005

AIChE Journal

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in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). Mixing times, power consumption, heat transfer, and scale-up predictions in an agitated vessel require the use of correlations between dimensionless groups such as Prandtl, Nusselt, Power, and Reynolds numbers. These dimensionless numbers are now well established for an agitated vessel equipped with a vertically and centrally mounted impeller in the tank for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. To our knowledge, there is more ambiguity as to the definition of the characteristic speed and dimensions, which should be taken into account in the dimensional analysis of planetary mixers. The aim of this paper is twofold: (1) to propose modified Reynolds and Power numbers for planetary mixers and (2) to ascertain the reliability of the modified dimensionless number proposed for a particular planetary mixer, The TRI-AXE ® , which uses a combination of rotation and gyration of a pitched blade turbine to achieve mixing. The modified Reynolds and Power numbers proposed involve the maximum tip speed as characteristic velocity and are consistent with the definition of traditional Reynolds and Power numbers when only a single revolution around the vertical axis of the mixing device occurs in the vessel, as is the case for a standard mixing system. Experimental power measurements carried out with a planetary mixer when mixing highly viscous Newtonian fluids show that the modified Reynolds and Power numbers proposed succeed in obtaining a unique power curve for the mixing system independently of the speed ratio. This close agreement proves that the modified Reynolds and Power numbers are well adapted for engineering purposes and can be used to compare the power-consumption performances of planetary mixers with well-established technologies. © 2005 American Institute of ChemicalEngineers AIChE J, 51: 3094 -3100, 2005 Keywords: mixing, planetary mixers, dimensional analysis, power consumption, Newtonian viscous fluids IntroductionIn the second half of the twentieth century, the systematic use of dimensional analysis to investigate mixing processes has allowed this field to evolve from "arts into sciences." Today the whole field of classical stirring technology (here, the word classical refers to impellers vertically and centrally mounted in the tank) has been examined, so that the definition of significant dimensionless groups has now become well established.Thus, for any stirring operation (heat transfer, blending, and so on), depending on the flow regime and the mixing systems investigated, numerous correlations involving various dimensionless numbers have been proposed in the open literature for both design and/or scale-up. Consequently, a deeper process understanding and/or better or reproducible products can be achieved. This is not yet the case for the planetary mixers. Indeed, for this kind of mixing equipment, the literature is relatively scarce. [1][2][3][4][5][6] In addition, some dimensionless numbers still suffer from ambiguity with respect to the characterist...

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Scaleup of a Pharmaceutical Granulation in Planetary Mixers

Cited by 35 publications

References 3 publications

Derivation of dimensionless relationships for the agitation of powders of different flow behaviours in a planetary mixer

Derivation of dimensionless relationships for the agitation of powders of different flow behaviours in a planetary mixer

Dimensional analysis of a planetary mixer for homogenizing of free flowing powders: Mixing time and power consumption

Dimensional analysis for planetary mixer: Modified power and Reynolds numbers

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