“…The management of chronic diseases is mostly carried out in primary healthcare services and needs to be controlled through appropriate management and interventions (Fan et al, 2022) [13] . The Chronic Care Model (CCM) provides integrated management and guidelines for DM (Danhieux, Buffel, Remmen, Wouters, & Van Olmen, 2023) [10] . The CCM integrates six key elements to optimize care coordination and treatment, as well as patient information and motivation for those with multimorbidity.…”