Scalable Synthesis of Interconnected Porous Silicon/Carbon Composites by the Rochow Reaction as High‐Performance Anodes of Lithium Ion Batteries

Zhang, Zailei; Wang, Yanhong; Ren, Wenfeng; Tan, Qiangqiang; Chen, Yunfa; Li, Hong; Zhong, Ziyi; Su, Fabing

doi:10.1002/ange.201310412

Cited by 78 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(21 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The initial discharge‐charge voltage profiles of the as‐prepared Si@C@P composite electrodes at 0.1 C between 0.01 and 1.2 V are shown in Figure a. The discharge and charge curves show that there is a long and flat lithiation voltage plateau at about 0.05‐0.08 V which arises from the Li−Si alloying reaction between Li + and crystalline Si and a delithiation voltage plateau at about 0.25–0.65 V corresponding to the extraction of Li from Si NPs . The initial discharge and charge areal capacities increase along with the increase of Si mass fraction in Si@C@P composites and the thickness of electrodes, indicating that these two approaches benefit to the improvement of areal capacity of Si@C@P composite electrodes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fabrication of Si Nanoparticles@Conductive Carbon Framework@Polymer Composite as High‐Areal‐Capacity Anode of Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Ren

Huang

et al. 2018

ChemElectroChem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low‐cost and scalable processes to fabricate Si‐based anodes with high areal capacity and excellent cycling performance remain a challenge, thereby limiting their widespread application. Herein, we report Si nanoparticles@conductive carbon framework@polymer (Si@C@P) composite electrodes, in which Si nanoparticles are homogeneously immobilized within a three‐dimensional network of conductive carbon nanofibers bound by a high‐viscosity polymer. When used as anodes for lithium‐ion batteries, the obtained Si@C@P composite electrodes deliver an initial coulombic efficiency of 83.5 % and an areal capacity of 2.0 mAh cm−2 (1152 mAh gnormalenormallnormalenormalcnormaltnormalrnormalonormaldnormale-1 ), with a capacity retention about 0.8 mAh cm−2 (466 mAh gnormalenormallnormalenormalcnormaltnormalrnormalonormaldnormale-1 ) after 150 discharge–charge cycles at 0.1 C. This work provides a low‐cost route for the large‐scale manufacture of Si‐based anodes with high areal capacity, which may be very significant for the development of lithium‐ion batteries with high energy density.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fabrication of Si Nanoparticles@Conductive Carbon Framework@Polymer Composite as High‐Areal‐Capacity Anode of Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Ren

Huang

et al. 2018

ChemElectroChem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fabrication of 3D porous M materials can be divided to two strategies, including top‐down and bottom‐up methods. Generally, the top‐down method employs bulk‐sized M‐based materials as the starting precursors to prepare 3D porous structures by electroless or electrochemical etching techniques . By controlling the etching processes, the obtained porous structures can be tuned to realize appropriate pore size and porosity.…”

Section: Reasonable Structure Design Of Si‐ Ge‐ and Sn‐based Anode mentioning

confidence: 99%

Si‐, Ge‐, Sn‐Based Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: From Structure Design to Electrochemical Performance

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

non-renewable character of fossil fuels. [1,2] To solve this tough issue, sustainable renewable energy, such as wind energy and solar energy, has been studied for decades to gradually replace fossil fuels. [3,4] Unfortunately, the intermittency of renewable energy resources disturbs direct practical application. In this regard, rechargeable batteries play a crucial key role in storing and delivering the electric energy generated from renewable energy, which is essential to efficient utilization of wind or solar power. [5][6][7][8] Among the current commercial rechargeable batteries, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have shown great promise due to their high energy density and long cycle life, when applied to power portable electronic devices (including cellphones, laptops, etc.), showing great promise for application in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid EVs. [9][10][11][12] Nevertheless, the gravimetric and volumetric energy density of current commercial LIBs is still very low. It still remains a great challenge for LIBs to meet the requirements for applications in the fields of grid-energy storage and EVs. In addition, the cycle life of LIBs has been widely tested for application in small-scale energy storage at stable working states, while the electrochemical performance of LIBs applied in large-scale energy storage at unstable energy-conversion states (e.g., renewable energy) is still unknown, and needs further study. [13][14][15][16] The performance of LIBs, including the energy density, working life, and safety, is mainly determined by the primary functional components, particularly by the electrode materials. [17] The electrode materials of current commercial LIBs mainly consist of metal oxides or phosphate cathode materials (e.g., LiCoO 2 and LiFePO 4 ) and graphite-based anode materials. [18] However, the theoretical capacity of these graphite-based anode materials is only 372 mA h g −1 , severely reducing the energy density of LIBs. [19] To improve the capacity of anode materials, considerable attention has been devoted to alloy-type anode materials, owing to their high specific capacity and safety characteristics. [20,21] Among various alloy-type anode materials, those based on silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), and tin (Sn) show amazing capacities of 4200, 1625, and 994 mA h g −1 , respectively, holding great potential as anode materials for next-generation LIBs. [13,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] However, these anode materials As state-of-the-art rechargeable energy-storage devices, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely applied in various areas, such as storage of electrical energy converted from renewable energy and powering portable electronic devices and electric vehicles (EVs). Nevertheless, the energy density and working life of current commercial LIBs cannot satisfy the rapid development of these applications. It is urgently required that the electrochemical performance of LIBs, which is mainly determined by the electroactive electrode materials, is improved. However, commercial graphite-based ...

show abstract

Section: Sustainable Utilization: State‐of‐the‐artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Rochow‐Müller process provides an excellent route to modify the structure of Si by adjusting catalyst composition and reactor properties. As shown in Figure c–f, several topographies of Si/C anodes were recently prepared using Rochow‐Müller process route –. These examples are listed in Table to give a direct comparison of the Si/C anodes prepared with 1) different catalytic systems and reaction conditions, 2) post process treatments, and 3) their anode shapes and electrochemical performances.…”

Section: Sustainable Utilization: State‐of‐the‐artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Rochow‐Müller Process Research: Driving to Molecular Catalysis and to A More Sustainable Silicone Industry

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Rochow‐Müller process, an old process that has been known for more than seventy years, is for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilane. However, due to its unique economic efficiency, it is still extremely important in silicone industry, e. g., about 90 % of starting materials for producing silicones are obtained by this route. Although significant progress has been made in exploring high‐efficient catalysts and understanding its mechanism, a quantitative description of this reaction is still far‐fetched due to its high complexity. In addition, sustainable use and recycling of by‐products and waste solid have become imperative nowadays due to the increasing demands for atom economy and environmental protection. This paper provides a comprehensive overview and insights into Rochow‐Müller process from its catalysis to sustainable issues, including the catalyst development and reaction mechanism investigation, waste reutilization and their derived products. In addition, several emerging novel processes originated from Rochow‐Müller process are summarized. Lastly, challenges and perspectives with respect to this reaction are discussed. We hope this work has accurately reflected and recorded the transition of Rochow‐Müller process to modern molecular catalysis, and can promote a much more sustainable silicone industry.

show abstract

Scalable Synthesis of Interconnected Porous Silicon/Carbon Composites by the Rochow Reaction as High‐Performance Anodes of Lithium Ion Batteries

Cited by 78 publications

References 65 publications

Fabrication of Si Nanoparticles@Conductive Carbon Framework@Polymer Composite as High‐Areal‐Capacity Anode of Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Fabrication of Si Nanoparticles@Conductive Carbon Framework@Polymer Composite as High‐Areal‐Capacity Anode of Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Si‐, Ge‐, Sn‐Based Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: From Structure Design to Electrochemical Performance

Recent Advances in Rochow‐Müller Process Research: Driving to Molecular Catalysis and to A More Sustainable Silicone Industry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About