Scalable photonic integrated circuits for programmable control of atomic systems

Menssen, Adrian J.; Hermans, Artur; Christen, Ian; Propson, Thomas; Li, Chao; Leenheer, Andrew Jay; Zimmermann, Matthew; Dong, Mark; Larocque, Hugo; Raniwala, Hamza; Gilbert, Gerald; Eichenfield, Matt; Englund, Dirk

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2210.03100

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 43 publications

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“…Nanophotonic devices are redefining the technology landscape across numerous sectors, including telecommunications [1], sensing [2], classical and quantum computing [3][4][5], bioengineering, and renewable energy [6][7][8], enabled by rapid advances in specialized optoelectronic processes such as silicon photonics [9], silicon nitride photonics [10], and lithium niobate photonics [11]. These developments, particularly in the silicon photonics area, were enabled through the development of the fabless photonics model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-Optic Nanophotonic Modulators in Standard CMOS Technology

Trajtenberg-Mills,

ElKabbash,

Harris

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Integrating nanophotonics with electronics promises revolutionary applications ranging from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to holographic displays. Although semiconductor manufacturing of nanophotonics in Silicon Photonic foundries is maturing, realizing active nanophotonics in the ubiquitous bulk CMOS processes remains challenging. We introduce a fabless approach to embed active nanophotonics in bulk CMOS by co-designing the back-end-of-line metal layers for optical functionality. Without changing any of the design rules imposed by a 65 nm CMOS process, we realize plasmonic liquid crystal modulators that exhibit switching speeds 100 times faster than commercial technologies. Our approach, which embeds ’zero-change’ nanophotonics into the most ubiquitous platform for integrated electronics, democratizes fabrication of metal-optic nanophotonics, opens the path to mass production of active nanophotonic components, and overcomes major packaging challenges that have previously hindered the realization of complex metal-optic optoelectronic systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-Optic Nanophotonic Modulators in Standard CMOS Technology

Trajtenberg-Mills,

ElKabbash,

Harris

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Modular chip-integrated photonic control of artificial atoms in diamond waveguides

Palm

Dong

Golter

et al. 2023

Optica

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A central goal in creating long-distance quantum networks and distributed quantum computing is the development of interconnected and individually controlled qubit nodes. Atom-like emitters in diamond have emerged as a leading system for optically networked quantum memories, motivating the development of visible-spectrum, multi-channel photonic integrated circuit (PIC) systems for scalable atom control. However, it has remained an open challenge to realize optical programmability with a qubit layer that can achieve high optical detection probability over many optical channels. Here, we address this problem by introducing a modular architecture of piezoelectrically actuated atom-control PICs (APICs) and artificial atoms embedded in diamond nanostructures designed for high-efficiency free-space collection. The high-speed four-channel APIC is based on a splitting tree mesh with triple-phase shifter Mach–Zehnder interferometers. This design simultaneously achieves optically broadband operation at visible wavelengths, high-fidelity switching (>40dB) at low voltages, submicrosecond modulation timescales (>30MHz), and minimal channel-to-channel crosstalk for repeatable optical pulse carving. Via a reconfigurable free-space interconnect, we use the APIC to address single silicon vacancy color centers in individual diamond waveguides with inverse tapered couplers, achieving efficient single photon detection probabilities (∼15%) and second-order autocorrelation measurements g(2)(0)<0.14 for all channels. The modularity of this distributed APIC–quantum memory system simplifies the quantum control problem, potentially enabling further scaling to thousands of channels.

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Scaled local gate controller for optically addressed qubits

Zhang,

Peng,

Paul

et al. 2024

Optica

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Scalable classical controllers are a key component of future fault-tolerant quantum computers. Neutral atom quantum computers leverage commercially available optoelectronic devices for generating large-scale tweezer arrays and performing parallel readout, but implementing massively parallel, locally addressed gate operations is an open challenge. In this work, we demonstrate an optical modulator system based on off-the-shelf components, which can generate a two-dimensional array of over 10,000 focused spots with uniform frequency and amplitude, and switching them on and off individually in arbitrary configurations at rates of up to 43 kHz. Through careful control of aberrations, the modulator achieves an extinction ratio of 46 dB, and nearest-neighbor crosstalk of −44dB with a beam spacing of 4.6 waists. The underlying components can operate at wavelengths from the UV to the NIR, and sustain high laser intensities. This approach is suitable for local addressing of gates with low cross-talk error rates in any optically addressed qubit platform, including neutral atoms, trapped ions, or solid-state atomic defects.

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Scalable photonic integrated circuits for programmable control of atomic systems

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Metal-Optic Nanophotonic Modulators in Standard CMOS Technology

Metal-Optic Nanophotonic Modulators in Standard CMOS Technology

Modular chip-integrated photonic control of artificial atoms in diamond waveguides

Scaled local gate controller for optically addressed qubits

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