Scalable Localization with Mobility Prediction for Underwater Sensor Networks

Abstract

Abstract-Due to adverse aqueous environments, non-negligible node mobility and large network scale, localization for large-scale mobile underwater sensor networks is very challenging. In this paper, by utilizing the predictable mobility patterns of underwater objects, we propose a scheme, called Scalable Localization scheme with Mobility Prediction (SLMP), for underwater sensor networks. In SLMP, localization is performed in a hierarchical way, and the whole localization process is divided into two parts: anchor node localization and ordinary node localization. During the localization process, every node predicts its future mobility pattern according to its past known location information, and it can estimate its future location based on its predicted mobility pattern. Anchor nodes with known locations in the network will control the whole localization process in order to balance the tradeoff between localization accuracy, localization coverage and communication cost. We conduct extensive simulations, and our results show that SLMP can greatly reduce localization communication cost while maintaining relatively high localization coverage and localization accuracy.

A power-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks

“…Another architecture of dense deployment of sensors that collects and transmits data was proposed in [16][17][18][19][20]. These sensors can be settled at any specific depth in underwater environment in order to transmit packets from the bottom of water through relay sensors to the data collector on the water surface.…”

Impact of MAC on Localization in Large-Scale Seabed Sensor Networks

“…For our network, the recursive position estimation algorithm [7] can be simplified as shown in Figure 1.…”

“…Moreover, underwater acoustic links are characterised by long propagation delays, motion-induced doppler shift, phase and amplitude fluctuations, multipath interference etc [4]. These factors favour short-range, multi-stage localization schemes [5], [6], [7] (low energy-consumption, more reliable channel) over long-range, single-stage schemes such as Underwater Positioning System [8].…”

“…While the scheme proposed in [6] attempts to combat the effects of node mobility by integrating 3D Euclidean distance estimation with recursive location estimation, the authors in [7] introduce mobility prediction based on the predictable mobility patterns of underwater objects to achieve this. However, the effects of beacon failure due to collision or harsh channel conditions were not considered.…”

A Wide Coverage Positioning System (WPS) for Underwater Localization

“…The constraints imposed by finite communication range are not the focus of this paper, and can be overcome with multi-stage [4] and hierarchical localization [5], [6].…”