Scaffolds for brain tissue reconstruction

Adewole, Dayo O.; Das, Suradip; Petrov, Dmitriy; Cullen, D. Kacy

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102561-1.00001-4

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…"Living scaffolds" are a tissue engineering regeneration strategy based on the use of living cells that are encapsulated within a preformed three-dimensional structure and can be designed to facilitate axonal pathfinding, replace circuitry, or direct neuronal cell migration (40,175,176). Our laboratory has developed the first implantable living scaffold that emulates the glial tube of the RMS (Figure 4).…”

Section: Living Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, introduction of scaffolds immediately or soon after injury may expose these implants to a hostile microenvironment induced by the effects of resident inflammation and necrosis, potentially altering the ability of scaffolds to integrate, the time course of scaffold degradation, and the ability of scaffolds to redirect neuroblasts and promote cell survival. Therefore, if the goal is neuronal replacement, then scaffold implantation may be the most successful when introduced during a sub-acute or intermediate phase following brain injury and/or degeneration after factors contributing to acute toxic and detrimental environments have had a chance to subside (175). Delaying scaffold implantation until the secondary injury environment has stabilized may maximize the regenerative and restorative capability of these technologies.…”

Section: Challenges To Overcome and Potential Future Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While there is evidence that neuronal degeneration in PD, HD, and ALS is not confined to these specific regions (206,208,209,222), the most prominent and persistent neuronal degeneration resulting from these disorders is focal. Recent research has turned to tissue engineering strategies as a means to promote functional brain recovery following injury and degeneration (12,175,176,223). Neurodegenerative disorders characterized by region-specific degeneration, including PD, HD, and ALS, may benefit from implantation of tissue-engineered scaffolds designed to redirect neuroblasts from the SVZ and explicitly deliver them into degenerating regions.…”

Section: Acquired Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tissue Engineering and Biomaterial Strategies to Elicit Endogenous Neuronal Replacement in the Brain

et al. 2020

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Neurogenesis in the postnatal mammalian brain is known to occur in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone. These neurogenic niches serve as endogenous sources of neural precursor cells that could potentially replace neurons that have been lost or damaged throughout the brain. As an example, manipulation of the subventricular zone to augment neurogenesis has become a popular strategy for attempting to replace neurons that have been lost due to acute brain injury or neurodegenerative disease. In this review article, we describe current experimental strategies to enhance the regenerative potential of endogenous neural precursor cell sources by enhancing cell proliferation in neurogenic regions and/or redirecting migration, including pharmacological, biomaterial, and tissue engineering strategies. In particular, we discuss a novel replacement strategy based on exogenously biofabricated "living scaffolds" that could enhance and redirect endogenous neuroblast migration from the subventricular zone to specified regions throughout the brain. This approach utilizes the first implantable, biomimetic tissue-engineered rostral migratory stream, thereby leveraging the brain's natural mechanism for sustained neuronal replacement by replicating the structure and function of the native rostral migratory stream. Across all these strategies, we discuss several challenges that need to be overcome to successfully harness endogenous neural precursor cells to promote nervous system repair and functional restoration. With further development, the diverse and innovative tissue engineering and biomaterial strategies explored in this review have the potential to facilitate functional neuronal replacement to mitigate neurological and psychiatric symptoms caused by injury, developmental disorders, or neurodegenerative disease.

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Section: Living Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges To Overcome and Potential Future Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acquired Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tissue Engineering and Biomaterial Strategies to Elicit Endogenous Neuronal Replacement in the Brain

et al. 2020

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An implantable human stem cell-derived tissue-engineered rostral migratory stream for directed neuronal replacement

et al. 2021

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The rostral migratory stream (RMS) facilitates neuroblast migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb throughout adulthood. Brain lesions attract neuroblast migration out of the RMS, but resultant regeneration is insufficient. Increasing neuroblast migration into lesions has improved recovery in rodent studies. We previously developed techniques for fabricating an astrocyte-based Tissue-Engineered RMS (TE-RMS) intended to redirect endogenous neuroblasts into distal brain lesions for sustained neuronal replacement. Here, we demonstrate that astrocyte-like-cells can be derived from adult human gingiva mesenchymal stem cells and used for TE-RMS fabrication. We report that key proteins enriched in the RMS are enriched in TE-RMSs. Furthermore, the human TE-RMS facilitates directed migration of immature neurons in vitro. Finally, human TE-RMSs implanted in athymic rat brains redirect migration of neuroblasts out of the endogenous RMS. By emulating the brain’s most efficient means for directing neuroblast migration, the TE-RMS offers a promising new approach to neuroregenerative medicine.

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Scaffolds for brain tissue reconstruction

Cited by 2 publications

References 128 publications

Tissue Engineering and Biomaterial Strategies to Elicit Endogenous Neuronal Replacement in the Brain

Tissue Engineering and Biomaterial Strategies to Elicit Endogenous Neuronal Replacement in the Brain

An implantable human stem cell-derived tissue-engineered rostral migratory stream for directed neuronal replacement

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