Scaffolds containing chitosan, gelatin and graphene oxide for bone tissue regeneration in vitro and in vivo

Sekaran, Saravanan; Chawla, Anjali; Vairamani, M.; Sastry, T. P.; Subramanian, K. S.; Selvamurugan, N.

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.034

Cited by 174 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Graphene oxide combined with chitosan and gelatin improves the biological properties of the scaffolds that were used for bone tissue engineering. The scaffolds were biocompatible and enhanced the proliferation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts and increased the deposition of collagen in rat tibial bone defect [55]. …”

Section: Natural Vs Synthetic Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteogenic Potential of Graphene in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2018

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Scaffolds are physical substrates for cell attachments, proliferation, and differentiation, ultimately leading to tissue regeneration. Current literature validates tissue engineering as an emerging tool for bone regeneration. Three-dimensionally printed natural and synthetic biomaterials have been traditionally used for tissue engineering. In recent times, graphene and its derivatives are potentially employed for constructing bone tissue engineering scaffolds because of their osteogenic and regenerative properties. Graphene is a synthetic atomic layer of graphite with SP2 bonded carbon atoms that are arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure. Graphene can be combined with natural and synthetic biomaterials to enhance the osteogenic potential and mechanical strength of tissue engineering scaffolds. The objective of this review is to focus on the most recent studies that attempted to explore the salient features of graphene and its derivatives. Perhaps, a thorough understanding of the material science can potentiate researchers to use this novel substitute to enhance the osteogenic and biological properties of scaffold materials that are routinely used for bone tissue engineering.

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Section: Natural Vs Synthetic Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteogenic Potential of Graphene in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2018

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“…53 The type of the MSCs in fifteen studies 19,32,36,40,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] was not defined. Sixteen studies used preosteoblast cells, 14,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79] including mouse osteoblastic cells 14, 65-74, 77-82 (MC3T3-E1) and rat calvarial osteoprogenitors, 75 while the type of the preosteoblast cells in one study 76 was not defined. Five articles 13, 83-86 used osteoblasts.…”

Section: Cell Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…57 Polymers include poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), 46 poly(dopamine) (PDA), 68 poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL), 14,36,203 poly(ethylenimine) (PEI), 37, 82 poly(lacticcoglycolic acid) (PLGA)-tussah, 61 silk fibroin (SF), 43 polyethylene terephthalate-based artificial ligament group (PET-ALs), 78 47,65,89 and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) 49,71 were employed to measure the release rate of ions, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) 64 was utilized to assess the Ca/P ratio. Additional assays and measures used for sample characterization include thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), 37,71,82,84,87 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), 33 75 swelling study, 75 weight loss measurement, 60 diametral tensile strength (DTS), 60 nanoindentation measurements, 67, 76 photoluminescence (PL) spectra, 94 elemental analysis experiment, 25 magnetometry, 25 selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), 57, 91 wettability evaluation, 89 roughness evaluation 14,28,89 and PL spectrum. 94…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies [98][99][100][101] concluded that concentrations <50 μg/mL of graphene nanoparticles (NPs) are relatively safe for most cell types, and levels higher than this concentration cause intracellular accumulation and high levels of oxidative stress, which is one of the mechanisms playing role in toxicity of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs). 75 Schinwald et al 102 studied layered graphene platelets with 1-10 layers at concentrations ≥ 5 μg/mL and found that it notably induced the release of LDH in immortalized human acute monocytic leukemia cells, THP-1, which is representative of loss of membrane integrity. Pristine graphene also induces cytotoxicity in cells by ROS generation through a decrease in potential of mitochondrial membrane and activation of mitochondrial pathway, leading to apoptosis.…”

Section: Concentration Of Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…141 In order to overcome these limitations, graphene and its derivatives can be incorporated into polymers through different methods to produce composites exhibiting synergistic effects over the two individual components with improved properties. 34,36,37,46,52,61,63,66,68,70,73,75,78,91 Recently, graphene-polymer composites have been used for orthopedic applications. 142,143 For example, GO in Ct matrix was shown to affect interactions between cells and scaffold leading to improved cell proliferation.…”

Section: Graphene and Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

In vitro effect of graphene structures as an osteoinductive factor in bone tissue engineering: A systematic review

Mohammadrezaei

Golzar

Rad

et al. 2018

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Graphene and its derivatives have been well-known as influential factors in differentiating stem/progenitor cells toward the osteoblastic lineage. However, there have been many controversies in the literature regarding the parameters effect on bone regeneration, including graphene concentration, size, type, dimension, hydrophilicity, functionalization, and composition. This study attempts to produce a comprehensive review regarding the given parameters and their effects on stimulating cell behaviors such as proliferation, viability, attachment and osteogenic differentiation. In this study, a systematic search of MEDLINE database was conducted for in vitro studies on the use of graphene and its derivatives for bone tissue engineering from January 2000 to February 2018, organized according to the PRISMA statement. According to reviewed articles, different graphene derivative, including graphene, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with mass ratio ≤1.5 wt % for all and concentration up to 50 μg/mL for graphene and GO, and 60 μg/mL for RGO, are considered to be safe for most cell types. However, these concentrations highly depend on the types of cells. It was discovered that graphene with lateral size less than 5 µm, along with GO and RGO with lateral dimension less than 1 µm decrease cell viability. In addition, the three-dimensional structure of graphene can promote cell-cell interaction, migration and proliferation. When graphene and its derivatives are incorporated with metals, polymers, and minerals, they frequently show promoted mechanical properties and bioactivity. Last, graphene and its derivatives have been found to increase the surface roughness and porosity, which can highly enhance cell adhesion and differentiation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2284-2343, 2018.

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Bioinspired Design of Graphene‐Based Materials

Christian

Mazzaro

Morandi

2020

Adv Funct Materials

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It can be difficult to know where to begin when considering the research opportunities of a material with such outstanding potential as graphene. When searching for a “killer application,” the researcher often neglects to query the world around them, forgetting that nature has been evolving for billions of years to elegantly solve every day problems. Bioinspiration is an intelligent strategy to nucleate new ideas and speed up the innovation process by providing ready‐made prototypes. Graphene is uniquely placed to take advantage of this approach thanks to its superlative properties and versatile nature. In this review, the state‐of‐the‐art in the bioinspired design of graphene‐based materials has been analyzed, and three distinct sources of inspiration have been identified: natural functions, such as adhesion and actuation; natural structures, such as layers and pores; and natural processes, such as surface functionalization and biomineralization. Implementing this philosophy into further graphene research will provide new ways to solve problems and suggest novel applications that may not otherwise be considered.

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Scaffolds containing chitosan, gelatin and graphene oxide for bone tissue regeneration in vitro and in vivo

Cited by 174 publications

References 71 publications

Osteogenic Potential of Graphene in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

Osteogenic Potential of Graphene in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

In vitro effect of graphene structures as an osteoinductive factor in bone tissue engineering: A systematic review

Bioinspired Design of Graphene‐Based Materials

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