SCADA/HMI Systems and Emerging Technologies

Zolotová, Iveta; Landryová, Lenka

doi:10.1016/s1474-6670(17)35579-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…There has been a lot of research on HMI, but the general requirements of HMI for a building have not been systematically studied (Zolotová and Landryová, 2000;Wücherer, 2001;Bengler et al, 2012). For example, a general review of the principles or the identified needs of the building occupants is not presented in the current literature.…”

Section: Evaluating Graphical User Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating graphical user interfaces for buildings

Halmetoja¹,

Forns-Samso

2020

JCRE

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate six different graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for facilities operations using human–machine interaction (HMI) theories. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a combined multi-functional method that includes a review of the theories behind HMI for GUIs as its first approach. Consequently, heuristic evaluations were conducted to identify usability problems in a professional context. Ultimately, thematic interviews were conducted with property managers and service staff to determine special needs for the interaction of humans and the built environment. Findings The heuristic evaluation revealed that not all the studied applications were complete when the study was done. The significant non-motivational factor was slowness, and a lighter application means the GUI is more comfortable and faster to use. The evaluators recommended not using actions that deviate from regular practice. Proper implementation of the GUI would make it easier and quicker to work on property maintenance and management. The thematic interviews concluded that the GUIs form an excellent solution that enables communication between the occupant, owner and service provider. Indoor conditions monitoring was seen as the most compelling use case for GUIs. Two-dimensional (2D) layouts are more demonstrative and faster than three-dimensional (3D) layouts for monitoring purposes. Practical implications The study provides an objective view of the strengths and weaknesses of specific types of GUI. So, it can help to select a suitable GUI for a particular environment. The 3D view is not seen as necessary for monitoring indoor conditions room by room or sending a service request. Many occupants’ services can be implemented without any particular layout. On the other hand, some advanced services were desired for the occupants, such as monitoring occupancy, making space reservations and people tracking. These aspects require a 2D layout at least. The building information model is seen as useful, especially when monitoring complex technical systems. Originality/value Earlier investigations have primarily concentrated on investigating human–computer interaction. The authors’ studied human–building interaction instead. The notable difference to previous efforts is that the authors considered the GUI as a medium with which to communicate with the built environment, and looked at its benefits for top-level processes, not for the user interface itself.

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Section: Evaluating Graphical User Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating graphical user interfaces for buildings

Halmetoja¹,

Forns-Samso

2020

JCRE

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“…RMM is the FMO procedure for monitoring and controlling building service technology from a distant location (Zolotová and Landryová, 2000;Roper and Payant, 2014). Traditionally, BASs are intended to be managed inside the building.…”

Section: Remote Monitoring and Management (Rmm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The conditions data model supporting building information models in facility management

Halmetoja¹

2019

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Purpose This paper aims to describe how building information model (BIM) and big data can be combined in the same interface for providing new value to stakeholders, such as the property owner and user, as well as property service and workplace service companies. The research presents a new concept, which shows how the BIM can be exploited efficiently during maintenance. Design/methodology/approach Initially, existing facility management (FM) processes were investigated to find out how to digitize them and identify bottlenecks. Second, BIM’s data content was explored to identify the information that could be used to streamline FM processes. Third, the potential of the active data measured in the building was evaluated. Finally, research was undertaken to find out how constantly fluctuating information can be combined with BIM objects and what kind of added value that combination could offer. The literature review was used to support the primary contribution. In addition, the research problems were described and the basics of the research were obtained by interviews. The author has interviewed 27 professionals from several stakeholders. Findings The first finding is that the BIM can serve as a platform for building use, various services and management when it has been adequately generated during the planning and construction phases and enriched before being commissioned. The other essential finding is the theory of conditions data model (CDM), which is a technical environment that combines active data with BIM. The most important advantages of BIM in FM are as follows: • Building owner attains better user satisfaction, acquires better quality and smarter services, saves energy, ensures better indoor conditions and improves building profitability. • Service providers can develop and offer new services, speed up operations, save resources and generate more profits. • The occupant gets a better user experience, faster and higher quality services and better indoor conditions. Research limitations/implications The CDM enables to generate for the real estate and construction (RE&C) sector a novel BIM-based ecosystem with standard rules, instead of every individual operator developing his/her own unique solution for BIM use in FM. This will have an impact on the entire RE&C sector’s operating methods and will have significant financial implications in the near future. Application of this research is limited to office buildings where indoor condition measuring is undertaken continuously and where the knowledge of the use cases of spaces is available. In addition, the proper BIM in the Industry Foundation Classes format must exist. The evaluation of the validity of big data is not discussed in this article. Visualization of data and content of user interfaces will be the topic of another article by the author. This article does not deal with intricate technical details, but crucial issues are defined. Originality/value The article presents a unique method for BIM use in FM. The theory of CDM (how to combine active data with BIM) is completely new and a similar solution has not been presented earlier. The theory of the presented method will be the crucial key for BIM use and will lead worldwide commissioning. Currently, the theory is under test in the practical pilot project. The results of the project will be published in the next article.

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“…One of the major features of a smart grid is the Power Distribution Automation (DA) which means distribution system operation automation, such as functions of SCADA ( Zolotova & Landryová, 2000 ) protection and analogous information technology operations. Distribution automation can mix remote control of switching devices, local automation, and central decision-making into flexible, cohesive, and cost-effective operation architecture for power distribution systems preserving the integrity of the spec.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward fault tolerant modelling for SCADA based electricity distribution networks, machine learning approach

Masri

Al-Jabi

2021

PeerJ Computer Science

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Maintaining electrical energy is a crucial issue, especially in developing countries with very limited possibilities and recourses. However, the increasing reliance on electrical appliances generates many challenges for operators to fix any fault optimally within minimum time. Even with numerous researches conducted in this area, very few were interested in minimizing the fault duration, especially in the developing countries with very limited resources. Since decision-making requires enough information within minimum time, the integration of information technology with the existing electrical grids is the most appropriate. In this paper, we propose precise and accurate load redistribution estimation models. While several modeling techniques exist, the proposed modeling techniques in this work are based on machine learning models: multiple linear regression, nonlinear regression, and classifier neural network models. The novelty of this work is it introduces a fault-tolerant approach that relies on machine learning and supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA). The purpose of this approach is to help electricity distribution companies to maintain power for the customers and to shorten the fault duration from many hours to the minimum possible time. The work was performed based on real data of smart grids split into zones of about 20 transformers. The models’ input data collected from the sensors allocated in the power grid, make the grid becomes able to redistribute the loads by sufficient strategies. To test and validate the models, two powerful modeling tools were used: MATLAB and Anaconda–Python. The results showed an accuracy of about 97% with a standard deviation of 2.3%. The load redistribution was also presented in details. With such eager results, they approve the validity of our model in minimizing the fault duration, by helping the system in taking ideal actions within the optimal time.

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SCADA/HMI Systems and Emerging Technologies

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Evaluating graphical user interfaces for buildings

Evaluating graphical user interfaces for buildings

The conditions data model supporting building information models in facility management

Toward fault tolerant modelling for SCADA based electricity distribution networks, machine learning approach

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