Scabies and Pediculosis Pubis: An Update of Treatment Regimens and General Review

Abstract

The ectoparasites scabies and pediculosis pubis are common causes of skin rash and pruritus worldwide. They are transmitted primarily by person-to-person spread and are generally associated with low morbidity. The preferred treatment for scabies has generally been topical agents such as lindane and permethrin. Recently, ivermectin has demonstrated good efficacy in the treatment of scabies, and it may be of particular use in institutional outbreaks and in communities in which scabies is endemic. Combination treatment with topical agents and oral ivermectin may be necessary for crusted scabies. Treatment of pediculosis pubis is best accomplished with topical permethrin, lindane, or pyrethrins with piperonyl butoxide. Although resistance to these topical agents has been reported in head lice, decreased efficacy in the treatment of pediculosis pubis has not been reported.

Accuracy of standard dermoscopy for diagnosing scabies

“…1 Ex vivo microscopic examination of skin scrapings performed at appropriate sites is usually considered the reference procedure. 9 Alternatively, noninvasive in vivo mite identification can be achieved through recently appeared techniques, grouped under the broad term of ''epiluminescence microscopy.'' [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] They rest on skin magnification after application of a lens to the skin.…”

Ectoparasitosis de importancia en Chile: Epidemiología y terapia

“…En países desarrollados puede constituir un fármaco de primera línea en el tratamiento de la sarna. Especialmente útil es en lesiones extensas de piel, pacientes inmunosuprimidos que presentan sarna costrosa, infecciones bacterianas concomitantes, situaciones en las que las formulaciones tópicas pueden ser dolorosas para los pacientes lo que lleva a baja adherencia al tratamiento 25 . Ivermectina tiene una respuesta clínica cercana a 70% si se utiliza en dosis única; sin embargo, al administrar dos dosis espaciadas por una semana en el tratamiento de escabiosis puede presentar tasas de curación de 97 a 100% 26,27 .…”

“…En escabiosis también se han descrito casos de resistencia a fármacos tópicos y orales 29 . En ese contexto, se hace necesario optimizar el tratamiento pediculicida y acaricida, para obtener buena respuesta clínica, promover una adecuada utilización de los productos, manteniendo la correcta aplicación y, en caso de sospecharse una resistencia, se pueden utilizar esquemas combinando medicamentos tópicos y orales para lograr erradicar los parásitos y disminuir la aparición de lesiones cutáneas secundarias 25 .…”

Scabies in displaced families: Health care problem that need urgent action

“…Infections are the predominant etiology of dermatologic diseases and forming about 1/3 of cases in different regional studies in Iraq [1][2][3][4][5]. Scabies is one of the skin infections with health impact and endemic worldwide, and with high burden in tropical countries [6]. However, the scabies prevalence with varied rate globally.…”