SAVE: an algorithm for smoothed adaptive video over explicit rate networks

Duffield, Nick; Ramakrishnan, K. K.; Reibman, Amy R.

doi:10.1109/90.748084

Cited by 52 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Liew and Tse [14] proposed using client buffer occupancy to control encoding parameters for smoother encoder output. In another study, Duffield et al [15] used network status feedback to control the encoding parameters.…”

Section: Video Bit-rate Smoothingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A monotonic-decreasing rate scheduler for variable-bit-rate video streaming

Lai

Lee

Chen

2005

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.

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Variable-bit-rate (VBR) encoded videos can provide a more consistent visual quality than constant-bit-rate (CBR) encoded videos. However, the long-range bit-rate variations in VBR videos make it difficult to efficiently provide quality-of-service control in a video-on-demand system. Existing scheduling algorithms such as Optimal Smoothing, which requires both downward and upward bandwidth reallocations to adapt to the video bit-rate variations, simply cannot guarantee video delivery in networks with mixed video and data traffic. This study tackles this limitation by investigating a new scheduling algorithm with monotonic-decreasing rate allocations for scheduling video data transmissions. By eliminating upward bandwidth reallocations, the proposed scheduler can guarantee video delivery even in the presence of other data traffic in the same network. Moreover, results show that the proposed scheduler can achieve such performance guarantee without tradeoff in performance or resource requirements. This paper presents this new monotonic-decreasing rate scheduler, analyzes its fundamental properties, and evaluates its performance using a large number of real-world VBR video traces (274 DVD movies) in extensive trace-driven simulations.

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Section: Video Bit-rate Smoothingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As we assumed they are different, that implies for (15) Integrating (14) on both sides with respect to yields (16) and we obtain (17) which implies that there will be a buffer underflow at the point . This contradicts our assumption that is a feasible schedule and thus the result follows.…”

Section: Peak Transmission Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

A monotonic-decreasing rate scheduler for variable-bit-rate video streaming

Lai

Lee

Chen

2005

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.

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“…from which we obtain the requirement for ACR during playback as (26) The I-frame usually has the highest data rate among all the frames. The server uses PCR to send data during the I-frame, and since , the server buffer will need to buffer the excess data from the I-frame.…”

Section: B Server Buffer Size and Abr Connection Setup Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [25], the authors proposed a scheme for successfully transmitting variable bit rate compressed video over ATM using the explicit-rate congestion control mechanism of ABR. A smoothing and rate adaptation algorithm to be used by the compressed video source in conjunction with the explicit rate based control scheme of ABR has been proposed in [26]. The authors in [27] use two levels of video quality in order to cope with the variable bandwidth nature of ABR connections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

System design and network requirements for interactive multimedia

2005

IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol.

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In recent years, there has been a strong interest in transmitting compressed video over packet switched networks, such as asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). Previous work has dealt with transmitting MPEG over constant bit rate (CBR) and variable bit rate (VBR) services of ATM. The available bit rate (ABR) service of ATM is expected to be much more cost effective than CBR or VBR. However, there hasn't been much work done on running interactive client/server applications (for example, video on demand) over ABR.In this paper, we have developed a framework to design interactive video systems transmitting MPEG video over the ATM ABR service. We have developed models to determine the network connection parameters required to run interactive client/server multimedia applications over an ATM network using the ABR service. We solve our model using real-time dynamic equilation (RTDE) analysis. We conclude that by proper dimensioning of the buffers at the client and the server, it is possible to run interactive video over the ATM ABR service.Index Terms-Buffer dimensioning, MPEG-2 video, multimedia over ATM systems, video system design.

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“…In real-time multimedia communication, the delay of each cell or packet, rather than the average delay, is the QoS. One approach towards this goal is to smooth the multimedia data such as video so that it can adapt to the bursty nature of network traffic [7,8]. In [9], a bandwidth smoothing technique is used across a sequence of nodes with buffers when a service provider has control over a subpath between the server and the client.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reducing Encoder Bit-Rate Variation in MPEG Video

Cheng

Agarwal

2005

J VLSI Sign Process Syst Sign Image Video Technol

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A shortcoming of current video transmission using the MPEG standard is that its encoder produces a variable bit rate (VBR). Due to this, the encoder output has to be buffered and released over the network at a constant rate. This buffering of the encoder output introduces an additional delay between the encoding and decoding phases of the video transmission. To remedy this problem, we present a strategy to distribute the load produced by the encoder as evenly as possible, i.e., try to have a constant bit rate (CBR). This is done by treating the slices in each frame separately while compressing them and then mixing the different kinds of slices that are sent over the network. The resulting load variation is much more uniform, reducing the buffering delay and making future bandwidth requirement estimates more accurate. Operations. Rajat Agarwal is now with Lucent Technologies. This paper is an extended version of a shorter paper presented at IEEE ICMCS 1999. mization of multimedia data transmission and retrieval techniques.Although there is an increasing number of academic and industrial projects [4-6] dealing with multimedia communication in wired and, more recently, wireless networks, many problems remain to be solved. This is especially true in real-time applications where a specified quality-of-service (QoS) for each individual connection, rather than the average QoS, must be guaranteed a priori. In real-time multimedia communication, the delay of each cell or packet, rather than the average delay, is the QoS. One approach towards this goal is to smooth the multimedia data such as video so that it can adapt to the bursty nature of network traffic [7,8]. In [9], a bandwidth smoothing technique is used across a sequence of nodes with buffers when a service provider has control over a subpath between the server and the client. Another approach is to tune the network and its communication protocols to better provide delay guarantees to variable-bit-rate multimedia traffic [10][11][12].Our objective here is to reduce the variation in the bit-rate produced by the encoder in MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) video. During transmission of Rajat Agarwal received the M.S. in Computer Science from the University of Houston. He is currently a Member of the Technical Staff at Lucent Technologies. His research interest is in real-time multimedia systems.

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SAVE: an algorithm for smoothed adaptive video over explicit rate networks

Cited by 52 publications

References 20 publications

A monotonic-decreasing rate scheduler for variable-bit-rate video streaming

A monotonic-decreasing rate scheduler for variable-bit-rate video streaming

System design and network requirements for interactive multimedia

Reducing Encoder Bit-Rate Variation in MPEG Video

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