Saudi Heart Association Guidelines on Best Practices in the Management of Chronic Coronary Syndromes

Abstract

Background The prevalence of both chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and its risk factors is alarming in Saudi Arabia and only a minority of patients achieve optimal medical management. Context-specific CCS guidelines outlining best clinical practices are therefore needed to address local gaps and challenges. Consensus panel A panel of experts representing the Saudi Heart Association (SHA) reviewed existing evidence and formulated guidance relevant to local clinical practice considering the characteristics of the Saudi population, the Saudi healthcare system, its resources and medical expertise. They were reviewed by external experts to ensure scientific and medical accuracy. Consensus findings Recommendations are provided on the clinical assessment and management of CCS, along with supporting evidence. Risk reduction through non-pharmacological therapy (lifestyle modifications) remains at the core of CCS management. Great emphasis should be placed on the use of available pharmacological options (anti-anginal therapy and event prevention) only as appropriate and necessary. Lifestyle counseling and pharmacological strategy must be optimized before considering revascularization, unless otherwise indicated. Revascularization strategies should be carefully considered by the Heart Team to ensure the appropriate choice is made in accordance to current guidelines and patient preference. Conclusion Conscientious, multidisciplinary, and personalized clinical management is necessary to navigate the complex landscape of CCS in Saudi Arabia considering its population and resource differences. The reconciliation of international evidence and local characteristics is critical for the improvement of healthcare outcomes among CCS patients in Saudi Arabia.

NHC/ SHA 2023 Focused update of the 2019 guidelines for the management of heart failure

“…Primary prevention focuses on the prevention of the onset of HF (see Table 6 ), while secondary prevention addresses the risk of morbidity and mortality in established HF (see Table 7 ). For cardiac risk assessment methods, please refer to the Saudi Heart Association Guidelines on Best Practices in the Management of Chronic Coronary Syndromes [ 65 ].…”

“…For the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), please refer to the SHA 2022 guidelines on best practices in the management of CCS [ 65 ].…”