Saturation of outer hair cell receptor currents causes two-tone suppression

Geisler, C. Daniel; Yates, Graeme K.; Patuzzi, Robert; Johnstone, Brian M.

doi:10.1016/0378-5955(90)90084-3

Cited by 109 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Least-squares fits were performed using the relationship V ϭ k exp(Ϫx/), where V is the measured potential, x is the electrode separation, and is the space constant. This experiment showed that potentials declined exponentially with increasing distance and gave a value for of 42 m, consistent both with the model results detailed above and previous estimates (Ͻ300 m) (Geisler et al, 1990). …”

Section: Theoretical Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Organ of Corti Potentials and the Motion of the Basilar Membrane

Fridberger¹,

Monvel²,

Zheng³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During sound stimulation, receptor potentials are generated within the sensory hair cells of the cochlea. Prevailing theory states that outer hair cells use the potential-sensitive motor protein prestin to convert receptor potentials into fast alterations of cellular length or stiffness that boost hearing sensitivity almost 1000-fold. However, receptor potentials are attenuated by the filter formed by the capacitance and resistance of the membrane of the cell. This attenuation would limit cellular motility at high stimulus frequencies, rendering the above scheme ineffective. Therefore, Dallos and Evans (1995a) proposed that extracellular potential changes within the organ of Corti could drive cellular motor proteins. These extracellular potentials are not filtered by the membrane. To test this theory, both electric potentials inside the organ of Corti and basilar membrane vibration were measured in response to acoustic stimulation. Vibrations were measured at sites very close to those interrogated by the recording electrode using laser interferometry. Close comparison of the measured electrical and mechanical tuning curves and time waveforms and their phase relationships revealed that those extracellular potentials indeed could drive outer hair cell motors. However, to achieve the sharp frequency tuning that characterizes the basilar membrane, additional mechanical processing must occur inside the organ of Corti.

show abstract

Section: Theoretical Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…1 B, C) (Santos-Sacchi, 1992;Preyer et al, 1996). However, during sound stimulation, fast potential changes occur in the fluid space surrounding the outer hair cells (Geisler et al, 1990;Kössl and Russell, 1992). These voltage changes are generated by the transducer channels, but the exact current path is not fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ of Corti Potentials and the Motion of the Basilar Membrane

Fridberger¹,

Monvel²,

Zheng³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Overall, findings are consistent with the idea that the basilar membrane response to a particular frequency depends on the action of active elements basal to the characteristic frequency (CF) place (Geisler et al 1990;Patuzzi 1996). Other physiological measures have also implicated distribution of the active elements responsible for frequency-specific amplification being basal to the CF place.…”

Section: Basal Contributions To Sl Teoae Componentssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In light of recent work demonstrating that SL components depend on the active cochlear elements at locations basal to those of the LL component (Moleti et al 2014), a two-tone suppression paradigm was used to examine the extent of those contributions. Per two-tone suppression theory (e.g., Geisler et al 1990), suppression of the active elements' response (at a particular frequency location) to the TEOAE probe will affect (presumably reduce) the magnitude of the associated TEOAE component. Shorter-latency components with a basal origin should, therefore, be sensitive to higherfrequency suppressors than longer-latency components that are generated closer to the tonopic place.…”

Section: Basal Contributions To Sl Teoae Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basal Contributions to Short-Latency Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission Components

Lewis

Goodman

2014

JARO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The presence of short-latency (SL), less compressivegrowing components in bandpass-filtered transientevoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) waveforms may implicate contributions from cochlear regions basal to the tonotopic place. Recent empirical work suggests a region of SL generation between ∼1/5 and 1/10-octave basal to the TEOAE frequency's tonotopic place. However, this estimate may be biased to regions closer to the tonotopic place as the TEOAE extraction technique precluded measurement of components with latencies shorter than ∼5 ms. Using a variant of the non-linear, double-evoked extraction paradigm that permitted extraction of components with latencies as early as 1 ms, the current study empirically estimated the spatial-extent of the cochlear region contributing to 2 kHz SL TEOAE components. TEOAEs were evoked during simultaneous presentation of a suppressor stimulus, in order to suppress contributions to the TEOAE from different places along the cochlear partition. Three or four different-latency components of similar frequency content (∼2 kHz) were identified for most subjects. Component latencies ranged from 1.4 to 9.6 ms; latency was predictive of the component's growth rate and the suppressor frequency to which the component's magnitude was most sensitive to change. As component latency decreased, growth became less compressive and suppressor-frequency sensitivity shifted to higher frequencies. The shortest-latency components were most sensitive to suppressors approximately 3/5-octave higher than their nominal frequency of 2 kHz. These results are consistent with a distributed region of generation extending to approximately 3/5-octave basal to the TEOAE frequency's tonotopic place. The empirical estimates of TEOAE generation are similar to model-based estimates where generation of the different-latency components occurs through linear reflection from impedance discontinuities distributed across the cochlear partition.

show abstract

“…However, in the case of I.Y., the slope of the polynomial seems to be a slight overestimate of the slope in the raw data. For mid-level signals suppression may steepen the compressive BM response to the signal (Ruggero et al 1992;Yasin and Plack 2003), possibly by driving the compressive nonlinearity at the outer hair cell into saturation (Geisler and Sinex 1980;Javel 1981;Geisler 1985;Deng and Geisler 1985;Robles et al 1986;Cheatham and Dallos 1989;Nuttal and Dolan 1993;Rhode and Recio 2001;Geisler et al 1990). Suppression may operate to reduce the nonlinear gain of the cochlear amplifier at the signal place in a level-dependent manner, thereby decreasing the compression (Robles et al 1987;Ruggero et al 1992;Rhode and Recio 2001).…”

Section: The Effects Of Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Suppression in the Upward Spread of Masking

Yasin

Plack

2005

JARO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The upward spread of masking refers to the higher growth rate of masking for maskers lower in frequency than the signal, compared to maskers at the signal frequency (Wegel RL, Lane CE. The auditory masking of one pure tone by another and its possible relation to the dynamics of the inner ear. Physics Rev. 23:266-285, 1924; Egan JP, Hake HW. On the masking pattern of a simple auditory stimulus. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 22:622-630, 1950; Delgutte B. Physiological mechanisms of psychophysical masking: Observations from auditory-nerve fibres. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87:791-809, 1990a, Delgutte B. Two-tone rate suppression in auditory-nerve fibres: Dependence on suppressor frequency and level. Hear Res. 49:225-246, 1990b). The upward spread of simultaneous masking may arise from a combination of excitatory and suppressive effects. In this study, growth of masking functions were obtained for a 4-kHz signal masked by an on-frequency (4 kHz) or offfrequency (2.4 kHz), simultaneous or forward masker, in the presence of a notched noise with a center frequency of 4 kHz presented to restrict off-frequency listening. Compression was estimated from the slopes of the off-frequency growth of masking functions. Suppression was estimated by comparing the offfrequency simultaneous-and forward-masked growth of masking functions. Results showed that, for midlevel signals (35-60 dB SPL), the compression exponent estimated from simultaneous and forward masking averaged 0.31 and 0.26, respectively. The maximum amount of suppression (defined as the decrease in the basilar-membrane response to the signal) was variable, ranging from about 6 to 17 dB across subjects. Despite the substantial reduction in the response to the signal, the results suggest that suppression has a minimal effect on the slope of the masking function at mid levels. Rather, upward spread of masking seems to be mainly determined by the compressive basilar-membrane response to the signal in relation to the linear response to the lowerfrequency masker.

show abstract

Saturation of outer hair cell receptor currents causes two-tone suppression

Cited by 109 publications

References 42 publications

Organ of Corti Potentials and the Motion of the Basilar Membrane

Organ of Corti Potentials and the Motion of the Basilar Membrane

Basal Contributions to Short-Latency Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission Components

The Role of Suppression in the Upward Spread of Masking

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About