Saturated X-ray lasing in Ni-like Sn at 11.9nm using the GRIP scheme

Grünig, Michael; Imesch, Christoph; Staub, Felix; Balmer, J. E.

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2008.09.079

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The model presented above is in agreement with our own experimental observation published previously [5] concerning the occurrence or lack of an optimum, which was so far not fully understood. In that work we indeed reported experimentally the absence/occurrence of an optimum for the case of palladium (Pd) target irradiated with 2 J and 5 J.…”

Section: B Amplification Lengthsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…More specifically, the study considered the angle of incidence, the profile of the driver beam, and the beam diameter. We will show results obtained with an inhouse code and validate the computational results with previous experimental data [5].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…As explained in Ref. [5], these were acquired using a modified target mount to allocate a CCD detector. The laser was delivered at 45°and attenuated using the transmission of a highly reflecting plane mirror followed by neutral density filters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Line focusing for soft x-ray laser-plasma lasing

2011

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A computational study of line-focus generation was done using a self-written ray-tracing code and compared to experimental data. Two line-focusing geometries were compared, i.e., either exploiting the sagittal astigmatism of a tilted spherical mirror or using the spherical aberration of an off-axisilluminated spherical mirror. Line focusing by means of astigmatism or spherical aberration showed identical results as expected for the equivalence of the two frames of reference. The variation of the incidence angle on the target affects the line-focus length, which affects the amplification length such that as long as the irradiance is above the amplification threshold, it is advantageous to have a longer line focus. The amplification threshold is physically dependent on operating parameters and plasma-column conditions and in the present study addresses four possible cases.

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Section: B Amplification Lengthsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Line focusing for soft x-ray laser-plasma lasing

2011

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“…1(a)]. In the conventional implementations of grazing incidence pumping, where a parabolic or spherical mirror is used to focus the beam [3][4][5]9,10], the tilted target intercepts the short-pulse pump beam at different distances from the beam waist. This creates a ''butterfly'' shaped line focus on the target, which for small f-number systems, can deposit part of the pump energy outside the useful gain column, decreasing the gain.…”

Section: à2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Excitation of Gain-Saturated Sub-9-nm-Wavelength Tabletop Soft-X-Ray Lasers and Lasing Down to 7.36 nm

et al. 2011

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We have demonstrated the efficient generation of sub-9-nm-wavelength picosecond laser pulses of microjoule energy at 1-Hz repetition rate with a tabletop laser. Gain-saturated lasing was obtained at ¼ 8:85 nm in nickel-like lanthanum ions excited by collisional electron-impact excitation in a precreated plasma column heated by a picosecond optical laser pulse of 4-J energy. Furthermore, isoelectronic scaling along the lanthanide series resulted in lasing at wavelengths as short as ¼ 7:36 nm. Simulations show that the collisionally broadened atomic transitions in these dense plasmas can support the amplification of subpicosecond soft-x-ray laser pulses. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.1.021023 Subject Areas: Photonics, Plasma PhysicsThe high demand for bright soft-x-ray laser (SXRL) pulses greatly exceeds the beam time available at a few single-user free-electron laser facilities [1,2]. This motivates the development of more compact and widely accessible SXRLs for a broad range of experiments in small laboratory settings. Significant progress has been achieved in the past few years in the development of compact plasma-based soft-x-ray lasers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. However, repetitive operation of tabletop SXRLs has been limited to wavelengths above 10.9 nm [10]. At shorter wavelengths, the large pump energy required has limited the repetition rate to typically one shot per hour [11][12][13][14][15]. Soft-x-ray lasing at sub-10-nm wavelengths in lanthanide ions was first demonstrated using optical lasers of pump energy of several hundred joules [12,13]. Lasing in nickel-like lanthanum at ¼ 8:85 nm was later obtained by using 18-J pulses from a chirped-pulse-amplification (CPA) laser to achieve transient excitation, but with a gain-length product (g Â l ¼ 7:7) that remained insufficient to reach gain saturation [15]. Progress toward saturated lasing in this transition has been recently reported [16,17]. In turn, lasing at ¼ 7:36 nm in nickel-like Sm was initially demonstrated using 130-J pump pulses [12]. Later, gain saturation was reached using a picosecond-duration pump pulse with approximately 40 J of energy added to a prepulse of similar energy [14]. Also recently, the lasing threshold in this line was reached through the use of a total optical pump energy of 36 J [18]. However, the practical realization of highrepetition-rate tabletop lasers at sub-10-nm wavelengths requires obtaining gain-saturated lasing at significantly lower pump energies. We report the generation of gainsaturated picosecond SXRL pulses at ¼ 8:85 nm at 1-Hz repetition rate. The result is obtained by using a picosecond pump pulse with an unprecedentedly low energy of 4 J and a total optical pump energy of 7.5 J, that will make the operation at high-repetition rates possible. Furthermore, using the same pump energy, we observe lasing at wavelengths down to ¼ 7:36 nm in transitions of higher-Z nickel-like lanthanide ions, opening the prospect of practical gain-saturated tabletop lasers at shorter wavelengths. Modeling suggests that these dense-pl...

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“…Substantial progress towards higher efficiency, reduced size, and higher repetition rate of soft-X-ray lasers has been achieved in recent years by the introduction of the grazing-incidence pumping (GRIP) technique [1,2], which has resulted in a substantial reduction of the pump pulse energy required for saturation to $1 J at wavelengths down to 13.2 nm [3][4][5] and $2 J for the wavelength of 11.9 nm [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%