Saturated hydraulic conductivity, dispersion, swelling, and exchangeable sodium percentage of different textured soils as influenced by water quality

Chaudhari, S. K.

doi:10.1081/css-120000383

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…High concentrations of sodium in soils cause both dispersion of soil colloids and deterioration of soil structure, making it difficult for roots to penetrate the subsurface and extract necessary nutrients and water to support plant life (Foth et al, 1977;Chaudhari, 2001). Further, introduced vegetation species that are tolerant of high sodium concentrations may sustain these conditions making it easier for them to invade and outcompete local native vegetation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Coal-Bed Methane Discharge Waters on the Vegetation and Soil Ecosystem in Powder River Basin, Wyoming

Stearns

Tindall

Cronin³

et al. 2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Coal-bed methane (CBM) co-produced discharge waters in the Powder River Basin of Wyoming, resulting from extraction of methane from coal seams, have become a priority for chemical, hydrological and biological research during the last few years. Soil and vegetation samples were taken from affected and reference sites (upland elevations and wetted gully) in Juniper Draw to investigate the effects of CBM discharge waters on soil physical and chemical properties and on native and introduced vegetation density and diversity. Results indicate an increase of salinity and sodicity within local soil ecosystems at sites directly exposed to CBM discharge waters. Elevated concentrations of sodium in the soil are correlated with consistent exposure to CBM waters. Clay-loam soils in the study area have a much larger specific surface area than the sandy soils and facilitate a greater sodium adsorption. However, there was no significant relation between increasing water sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) values and increasing sediment SAR values downstream; however, soils exposed to the CBM water ranged from the moderate to severe SAR hazard index. Native vegetation species density was highest at the reference (upland and gully) and CBM affected upland sites. The affected gully had the greatest percent composition of introduced vegetation species. Salt-tolerant species had the greatest richness at the affected gully, implying a potential threat of invasion and competition to established native vegetation. These findings suggest that CBM waters could affect agricultural production operations and long-term water quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Coal-Bed Methane Discharge Waters on the Vegetation and Soil Ecosystem in Powder River Basin, Wyoming

Stearns

Tindall

Cronin³

et al. 2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…This function is based on the results of two sets of experiments using a sandy loam (McNeal, 1968) and sandy to silty loam soils (Suarez et al, 1984) and is therefore not necessarily appropriate for other soils. Soil properties that might alter responses to sodic soil amelioration with gypsum include clay content (Chaudhari, 2001; Frenkel et al, 1978), clay mineralogy (Frenkel et al, 1978; McNeal and Coleman, 1966; Morshedi and Sameni, 2000), and bulk density (U.S. Salinity Laboratory Staff, 1954).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying HYDRUS to Flow in a Sodic Clay Soil with Solution Composition–Dependent Hydraulic Conductivity

Reading

Baumgartl

Bristow

et al. 2012

Vadose Zone Journal

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Management of sodic soils under irrigation often requires application of chemical ameliorants to improve permeability combined with leaching of excess salts. Modeling irrigation, soil treatments, and leaching in these sodic soils requires a model that can adequately represent the physical and chemical changes in the soil associated with the amelioration process. While there are a number of models that simulate reactive solute transport, UNSATCHEM and HYDRUS‐1D are currently the only models that also include an ability to simulate the impacts of soil chemistry on hydraulic conductivity. Previous researchers have successfully applied these models to simulate amelioration experiments on a sodic loam soil. To further gauge their applicability, we extended the previous work by comparing HYDRUS simulations of sodic soil amelioration with the results from recently published laboratory experiments on a more reactive, repacked sodic clay soil. The general trends observed in the laboratory experiments were able to be simulated using HYDRUS. Differences between measured and simulated results were attributed to the limited flexibility of the function that represents chemistry‐dependent hydraulic conductivity in HYDRUS. While improvements in the function could be made, the present work indicates that HYDRUS‐UNSATCHEM captures the key changes in soil hydraulic properties that occur during sodic clay soil amelioration and thus extends the findings of previous researchers studying sodic loams.

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“…Higher electrolyte concentration of DE solutions maintained permeability of soil by reducing dispersion of clay particles and breaking of soil aggregates. Chaudhari (2001), and Quirk and Schofield (1955) also observed more leaching of Na with the increase in electrolyte concentration of influent water. Removal of more Na with increase in concentration of DE solution might also be due to enhanced availability of exchangeable Ca and Mg in DE solution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Evaluation of distillery effluent application effect on physico-chemical properties and exchangeable sodium content of sodic soils

Gupta

Khan

2009

Sugar Tech

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Effect of distillery effluent (DE) application on electrical conductivity (EC), pH, organic carbon (OC), exchangeable Na, Ca, Mg, K content and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of sodic soils of sandy loam (Hyperthermic family of Typic Haplaquept), silt loam (Hyperthermic family of Typic Haplaquept) and clay loam (Hyperthermic family of Typic Udic Ustochrept) textures was evaluated in a laboratory experiment. Six amendments, encompassing distilled water, DE solutions of four concentrations viz. 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, and gypsum equivalent to 100% gypsum requirement (GR) were used to reclaim soils of 20, 40, 60 and 80 ESP class. Application of DE reduced pH and exchangeable Na content and increased OC, exchangeable Ca, Mg and K content of the soils appreciably but EC marginally. Magnitude of reduction in ESP was dependent on concentration of DE solution and the highest reduction in ESP of soil was observed with the application of 40% solution of DE. Extent of reduction in ESP with application of same concentration of DE was also found to be dependent on clay content of soil. It was relatively less in clay loam soil as compared to sandy loam soil. Results of this study thus indicated that distillery effluent could effectively be used in amending sodic soils of varying textures and ESP for improving their physico-chemical properties and reducing exchangeable sodium content.

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Saturated hydraulic conductivity, dispersion, swelling, and exchangeable sodium percentage of different textured soils as influenced by water quality

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of Coal-Bed Methane Discharge Waters on the Vegetation and Soil Ecosystem in Powder River Basin, Wyoming

Effects of Coal-Bed Methane Discharge Waters on the Vegetation and Soil Ecosystem in Powder River Basin, Wyoming

Applying HYDRUS to Flow in a Sodic Clay Soil with Solution Composition–Dependent Hydraulic Conductivity

Evaluation of distillery effluent application effect on physico-chemical properties and exchangeable sodium content of sodic soils

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