Satellite Solutions for Precision Viticulture: Enhancing Sustainability and Efficiency in Vineyard Management

Abstract

The priority problem in intensive viticulture is reducing pesticides, and fertilizers, and improving water-use efficiency. This is driven by global and EU regulatory efforts. This review, systematically examines 92 papers, focusing on progress in satellite solutions over time, and (pre)processing improvements of spatio-temporal and spectral resolution. The importance of the integration of satellites with ground truth data is highlighted. The results provide precise on-field adaptation strategies through the generation of prescription maps and variable rate application. This enhances sustainability and efficiency in vineyard management and reduces the environmental footprint of vineyard techniques. The effectiveness of different vegetation indices in capturing spatial and temporal variations in vine health, water content, chlorophyll levels, and overall vigor is discussed. The challenges in the use of satellite data in viticulture are addressed. Advanced satellite technologies provide detailed vineyard monitoring, offering insights into spatio-temporal variability, soil moisture, and vine health. These are crucial for optimizing water-use efficiency and targeted management practices. By integrating satellite data with ground-based measurements, viticulturists can enhance precision viticulture, reduce reliance on chemical interventions, and improve overall vineyard sustainability and productivity.