Satellite‐Observed Impacts of Wildfires on Regional Atmosphere Composition and the Shortwave Radiative Forcing: A Multiple Case Study

Fu, Yuyun; Huang, Jian‐Guo; Bergeron, Yves; Fu, Yunfei; Wang, Yu; Gao, Zongting

doi:10.1029/2017jd027927

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…There is exhaustive literature estimating smoke emission coefficients of total particulate matter, ,,,, whereas the values reported herein are the first for many trace gas species. There is only one instance of a satellite-derived HCHO α value for a similar fuel type (0.56 g MJ –1 ) that compares well to these results (0.46 g MJ –1 ). The NO 2 (0.28 g MJ –1 ) value and range of NO x (0.24–1.2 g MJ –1 ) ,,− derived using satellite observations are higher than the NO 2 (0.18 g MJ –1 ) value estimated here.…”

Section: Results: Speciated Emissionssupporting

confidence: 72%

Airborne Emission Rate Measurements Validate Remote Sensing Observations and Emission Inventories of Western U.S. Wildfires

Stockwell

Béla

Coggon

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Carbonaceous emissions from wildfires are a dynamic mixture of gases and particles that have important impacts on air quality and climate. Emissions that feed atmospheric models are estimated using burned area and fire radiative power (FRP) methods that rely on satellite products. These approaches show wide variability and have large uncertainties, and their accuracy is challenging to evaluate due to limited aircraft and ground measurements. Here, we present a novel method to estimate fire plume-integrated total carbon and speciated emission rates using a unique combination of lidar remote sensing aerosol extinction profiles and in situ measured carbon constituents. We show strong agreement between these aircraft-derived emission rates of total carbon and a detailed burned area-based inventory that distributes carbon emissions in time using Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite FRP observations (Fuel2Fire inventory, slope = 1.33 ± 0.04, r 2 = 0.93, and RMSE = 0.27). Other more commonly used inventories strongly correlate with aircraftderived emissions but have wide-ranging over-and under-predictions. A strong correlation is found between carbon monoxide emissions estimated in situ with those derived from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) for five wildfires with coincident sampling windows (slope = 0.99 ± 0.18; bias = 28.5%). Smoke emission coefficients (g MJ −1 ) enable direct estimations of primary gas and aerosol emissions from satellite FRP observations, and we derive these values for many compounds emitted by temperate forest fuels, including several previously unreported species.

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Section: Results: Speciated Emissionssupporting

confidence: 72%

Airborne Emission Rate Measurements Validate Remote Sensing Observations and Emission Inventories of Western U.S. Wildfires

Stockwell

Béla

Coggon

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Thus, forest fires and agricultural burning in this region are two important sources of emission [44,45]. Severe air pollution due to long-distance transportation of smoke pollution was documented [46,47], and modern records reveal large forest fires in the region such as in 1987 [48], 2004, and 2006 [18].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Detection and Fire Radiative Power in Forests and Low-Biomass Lands in Northeast Asia: MODIS versus VIIRS Fire Products

Wang²,

Bergeron

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

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Fire omission and commission errors, and the accuracy of fire radiative power (FRP) from satellite moderate-resolution impede the studies on fire regimes and FRP-based fire emissions estimation. In this study, we compared the accuracy between the extensively used 1-km fire product of MYD14 from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the 375-m fire product of VNP14IMG from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) in Northeastern Asia using data from 2012–2017. We extracted almost simultaneous observation of fire detection and FRP from MODIS-VIIRS overlapping orbits from the two fire products, and identified and removed duplicate fire detections and corresponding FRP in each fire product. We then compared the performance of the two products between forests and low-biomass lands (croplands, grasslands, and herbaceous vegetation). Among fire pixels detected by VIIRS, 65% and 83% were missed by MODIS in forests and low-biomass lands, respectively; whereas associated omission rates by VIIRS for MODIS fire pixels were 35% and 53%, respectively. Commission errors of the two fire products, based on the annual mean measurements of burned area by Landsat, decreased with increasing FRP per fire pixel, and were higher in low-biomass lands than those in forests. Monthly total FRP from MODIS was considerably lower than that from VIIRS due to more fire omission by MODIS, particularly in low-biomass lands. However, for fires concurrently detected by both sensors, total FRP was lower with VIIRS than with MODIS. This study contributes to a better understanding of fire detection and FRP retrieval performance between MODIS and its successor VIIRS, providing valuable information for using those data in the study of fire regimes and FRP-based fire emission estimation.

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“…Studies have pointed out biomass burning is the reason that elevates Amazon HCHO concentration in dry seasons (Kesselmeier et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2011). Based on measurements in laboratorial experiments (Karl et al, 2007;Stockwell et al, 2014) and retrievals using satellite observations (Fu et al, 2018), large variations are found in the emission factors of HCHO and VOCs from fires (Akagi et al, 2011). However, the distribution of fire and the strength and mode of fire can be distinct from case to case.…”

Section: 1029/2019ea000627mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Satellite observations show the global distribution of HCHO and other trace gases such as NO 2 are coherent with the fire distribution. Examples are seen in South America, Africa, and Northeastern Asia (Fu et al, 2018;Marbach et al, 2005Marbach et al, , 2008. Studies have pointed out biomass burning is the reason that elevates Amazon HCHO concentration in dry seasons (Kesselmeier et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2011).…”

Section: 1029/2019ea000627mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the distribution of fire and the strength and mode of fire can be distinct from case to case. Based on measurements in laboratorial experiments (Karl et al, 2007;Stockwell et al, 2014) and retrievals using satellite observations (Fu et al, 2018), large variations are found in the emission factors of HCHO and VOCs from fires (Akagi et al, 2011). The accurate estimation of biomass burning emission of VOCs needs further investigations.…”

Section: 1029/2019ea000627mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Controlling Factors of Atmospheric Formaldehyde (HCHO) in Amazon as Seen From Satellite

Zhang

Min

et al. 2019

Earth and Space Science

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To understand the relative importance of biogenic emission, biomass burning emission on volatile organic compounds in Amazon, the spatial and temporal correlations between atmospheric column‐integrated formaldehyde (HCHO) and fire count, vegetation hydrological states index, surface solar radiation flux, near‐surface air temperature are studied using synergized satellite products and reanalysis data. A recently developed microwave‐based vegetation index (emissivity difference vegetation index, EDVI) with high temporal resolution is used for the linkages between vegetation and HCHO at daily scale with and without fire contaminations. At large regional scale, EDVI shows highest spatial correlation with HCHO indicating the important controlling effect of biogenic emission. In given subregions with frequent fires, the temporal variations of monthly HCHO show much stronger correlations with fire count. The temporal correlations between monthly HCHO and EDVI are vague and even negative in some subregions. Radiation and temperature show stable positive temporal correlations with HCHO, particularly in areas with few fires. After excluding the samples contaminated by fires, the daily temporal correlation between vegetation (EDVI) and HCHO becomes significant and positive in most areas except the northern rainforest with weak temporal variations of EDVI. We proposed a bilinear model of biogenic‐emission‐induced HCHO (B‐HCHO) using radiation and EDVI as inputs. The bias between modeled long‐term mean B‐HCHO and satellite observation is less than 20%. And the daily time series of modeled B‐HCHO matches observations as well. It is the first time to provide satellite observational evidences of the relative importance of biogenic emission and biomass burning emission on HCHO, the proxy of atmospheric volatile organic compounds concentration.

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Satellite‐Observed Impacts of Wildfires on Regional Atmosphere Composition and the Shortwave Radiative Forcing: A Multiple Case Study

Cited by 15 publications

References 58 publications

Airborne Emission Rate Measurements Validate Remote Sensing Observations and Emission Inventories of Western U.S. Wildfires

Airborne Emission Rate Measurements Validate Remote Sensing Observations and Emission Inventories of Western U.S. Wildfires

Fire Detection and Fire Radiative Power in Forests and Low-Biomass Lands in Northeast Asia: MODIS versus VIIRS Fire Products

The Controlling Factors of Atmospheric Formaldehyde (HCHO) in Amazon as Seen From Satellite

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