Satellite Observations of the Earth’s Radiation Budget Variability

Marchuk, G. I.; Kondratyev, K. Ya.; Kozoderov, V. V.; Avaste, O. A.; Kärner, Olavi

doi:10.1007/978-1-935704-18-8_41

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The glaciation of clouds [1][2][3][4][5][6] influences their radiative properties, precipitation, planetary albedo, and climate. [6][7][8][9][10] Seawater freezing and melting control global sea ice cover, and formation of ice in leads and polynyas in polar seas dominates the heat and moisture exchange between the polar atmosphere and ocean. [9][10][11] Ice crystals in the polar stratosphere play a key role in the chemical reactions that lead to formation of ozone holes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,18,19 Cirrus clouds in the upper troposphere cover 20-30% of the globe 20 and substantially influence the global radiative budget and atmospheric chemistry. [5][6][7][8][9][10]21,22 It is commonly accepted that cirrus clouds form by direct freezing (homogeneous or heterogeneous) of aqueous solution drops (haze particles). However, the mechanisms of freezing, and their parametrization in cloud and climate models, remain very uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamic Theory of Freezing and Melting of Water and Aqueous Solutions

Khvorostyanov

Curry

2004

J. Phys. Chem. A

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This paper examines the freezing and melting of water and aqueous solutions in the framework of classical nucleation theory. On the basis of thermodynamical principles, general equations for the critical germ radius and free energy are derived that express these properties as functions of temperature, solution molality, pressure, and finite size of freezing/melting particles. This theory is applied to the study of liquid-solid phase transitions: homogeneous, heterogeneous, and quasi-heterogeneous freezing of aqueous solutions and surface melting of ice. Simple analytical expressions for the corresponding freezing and melting critical temperatures are derived and solved numerically using an iteration procedure, whereby the melting and freezing temperatures are calculated for solutions with various chemical compositions, concentrations, and pressures. Comparison of the theory with experimental data shows good agreement and indicates that this approach allows reproduction of measured melting and freezing temperatures as functions of solution molality (or water saturation ratio) and pressure over wide ranges for many geophysical applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Theory of Freezing and Melting of Water and Aqueous Solutions

Khvorostyanov

Curry

2004

J. Phys. Chem. A

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“…Следствием этого является создание многочисленных прудов-охладителей и водохранилищ. Появления новых водоемов может вызывать изменение в микроклимате прилегающих районов и тем самым повлиять на условия жизни населения, на сроки сельскохозяиственных работ и т. д. Аналогичные возмущении микроклимата и туманы, наблюдаемые в природе, -это «речные и морские» туманы парения [1]. Они обычно образуются в зимний и осенне -весенний сезоны при адвекции холодного воздуха на более теплой водной подстилающей поверхности.…”

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“…При расчете интегральных функций пропускания используются аппроксимации, предложенные в работе [1,8,10].Над водой влажность полагалась равной насыщающей, температура воды -0 0 С а влажность над поверхностью варьировалась в различных экспериментах; кроме того, на подстилающей поверхности.…”

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“…Задачи динамического согласования метеорологических полей Первый этап соответсвует с начальными и краевыми условиями с помощью покомпонентого расщепления [3] сводится к последовательному решению ряда одномерных задач. На втором этапе решается задача динамического согласования метеорологических полей, алгоритм которой подробно описан в работах [1,3]. Уравнения турбулентной энергии решалось методом простой прогонки с применением итерационной процедуры.…”

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Modelling Negative Impact of Nonfreezing Reservoirs on the Environment Microclimate

Kiyalbekov¹,

Beshtayeva²,

Taubayeva³

et al. 2016

Theoretical & Applied Science

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Impact Factor:ISRA (India) = 1.344 ISI (Dubai, UAE) = 0.829 GIF (Australia) = 0.564 JIF = 1.500 SIS (USA) = 0.912 РИНЦ (Russia) = 0.234 ESJI (KZ) = MODELLING NEGATIVE IMPACT OF NONFREEZING RESERVOIRS ON THE ENVIRONMENT MICROCLIMATE Abstract: For research of anthropogenous influence on a mesolarge-scale microclimate with participation of the person the three-dimensional mathematical model, time-dependent is offered. Influence of the fog arising near not freezing pools on a microclimate is considered

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Development of a Solar Constant Measurement Programme

Sklyarov¹,

Brichkov²,

Vorobyov³

et al. 1991

Metrologia

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A group of precision pyrheliometers, designated PVS-7 and PVS-8, for use on the ground, in balloons and in spacecraft, has been constructed and a second-generation solar constant monitor, SCM-2, is under construction. The SCM-2 incorporates a precision solar pointing and tracking system with a pointing accuracy of 0,2°, a value well below the value of 0,5° which is shown to be the limit for precise pyrheliometry. With this type of equipment, high-altitude balloon SC measurements constitute a useful supplement to satellite measurements by providing an absolute link of sufficient accuracy to permit the evaluation of possible SC trends.

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Satellite Observations of the Earth’s Radiation Budget Variability

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Thermodynamic Theory of Freezing and Melting of Water and Aqueous Solutions

Thermodynamic Theory of Freezing and Melting of Water and Aqueous Solutions

Modelling Negative Impact of Nonfreezing Reservoirs on the Environment Microclimate

Development of a Solar Constant Measurement Programme

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