Satellite DNA: An Evolving Topic

Garrido-Ramos, Manuel A.

doi:10.3390/genes8090230

Cited by 308 publications

(392 citation statements)

References 357 publications

(776 reference statements)

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“…According to Petrov [75] these elements have potential of multiplicity of 0.1-1 Mbp in a single generation. The satellite DNA can also contribute greatly to genome size differences [76]. Meanwhile, Garrido-Ramos [74] refer that genomic content variation in plants which are affected by satellite DNA can range from 0.1% to 36%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Genomic Diversity in a Tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) Germplasm Collection and Adaptability to Mediterranean Climate Conditions

et al. 2019

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Lupinus mutabilis (tarwi) is a species of Andean origin with high protein and oil content and regarded as a potential crop in Europe. The success in the introduction of this crop depends in part on in depth knowledge of the intra-specific genetic variability of the collections, enabling the establishment of breeding and conservation programs. In this study, we used morphological traits, Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers and genome size to assess genetic and genomic diversity of 23 tarwi accessions under Mediterranean conditions. Phenotypic analyses and yield component studies point out accession LM268 as that achieving the highest seed production, producing large seeds and efficiently using primary branches as an important component of total yield, similar to the L. albus cultivars used as controls. By contrast, accession JKI-L295 presents high yield concentrated on the main stem, suggesting a semi-determinate development pattern. Genetic and genomic analyses revealed important levels of diversity, however not relatable to phenotypic diversity, reflecting the recent domestication of this crop. This is the first study of genome size diversity within L. mutabilis, revealing an average size of 2.05 pg/2C (2001 Mbp) with 9.2% variation (1897, prompting further studies for the exploitation of this diversity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Genomic Diversity in a Tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) Germplasm Collection and Adaptability to Mediterranean Climate Conditions

et al. 2019

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“… Abstract Tandem repeat elements such as the highly diverse class of satellite repeats occupy large parts of eukaryotic chromosomes. Most occur at (peri)centromeric and (sub)telomeric regions and have been implicated in chromosome organization, stabilization, and segregation 1 . Others are located more dispersed throughout the genome, but their functions remained largely enigmatic.…”

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confidence: 99%

An ancient satellite repeat controls gene expression and embryonic development inAedes aegyptithrough a highly conserved piRNA

Halbach

Miesen

Joosten

et al. 2020

Preprint

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26Tandem repeat elements such as the highly diverse class of satellite repeats occupy large parts of 27 eukaryotic chromosomes. Most occur at (peri)centromeric and (sub)telomeric regions and have 28 been implicated in chromosome organization, stabilization, and segregation 1 . Others are located 29 more dispersed throughout the genome, but their functions remained largely enigmatic. Satellite 30 repeats in euchromatic regions were hypothesized to regulate gene expression in cis by modulation 31 of the local heterochromatin, or in trans via repeat-derived transcripts 2,3 . Yet, due to a lack of 32 experimental models, gene regulatory potential of satellite repeats remains largely unexplored. Here 33 we show that, in the vector mosquito Aedes aegypti, a satellite repeat promotes sequence-specific 34 gene silencing via the expression of two abundant PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Strikingly, 35whereas satellite repeats and piRNA sequences generally evolve extremely fast 4-6 , this locus was 36 conserved for approximately 200 million years, suggesting a central function in mosquito biology. 37Tandem repeat-derived piRNA production commenced shortly after egg-laying and inactivation of 38 the most abundant of the two piRNAs in early embryos resulted in an arrest of embryonic 39 development. Transcriptional profiling in these embryos revealed the failure to degrade maternally 40 provided transcripts that are normally cleared during maternal-to-zygotic transition. Our results 41 reveal a novel mechanism in which satellite repeats regulate global gene expression in trans via 42 piRNA-mediated gene silencing, which is fundamental to embryonic development. These findings 43 highlight the regulatory potential of this enigmatic class of repeats. 44 45Main 46Even though satellite repeats have been discovered nearly 60 years ago 7,8 , and comprise a 47 substantial portion of eukaryotic genomes, little is known about the functions of this class of 48 repetitive DNA. Many satellite repeats are actively transcribed, and some of them produce small 49 interfering (si)RNAs required for the establishment and maintenance of heterochromatic regions 9-16 . 50

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“…Repetitive DNA sequences, such as satDNAs, evolve in concert, not independently, i.e., clusters of repetitive units do not differentiate in isolation. According to the concerted evolution model, changes in the repetitive units of a given sequence may spread to all clusters that contain sequences from the same family, and these changes can be fixed in a given population through a process called molecular drive [Dover, 1982[Dover, , 2002Ugarkovic and Plohl, 2002;Plohl et al, 2012;Garrido-Ramos, 2017]. The molecular drive process depends on a variety of nonreciprocal mechanisms of exchange, such as uneven cross-ing-over and gene conversion between the sites carrying these repetitive sequences [Dover, 1982;Plohl et al, 2012;Garrido-Ramos, 2017].…”

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confidence: 99%

Great Abundance of Satellite DNA in <b><i>Proceratophrys</i></b> (Anura, Odontophrynidae) Revealed by Genome Sequencing

Silva

Destro

Gazoni

et al. 2020

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Most eukaryotic genomes contain substantial portions of repetitive DNA sequences. These are located primarily in highly compacted heterochromatin and, in many cases, are one of the most abundant components of the sex chromosomes. In this sense, the anuran Proceratophrys boiei represents an interesting model for analyses on repetitive sequences by means of cytogenetic techniques, since it has a karyotype with large blocks of heterochromatin and a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system. The present study describes, for the first time, families of satellite DNA (satDNA) in the frog P. boiei. Its genome size was estimated at 1.6 Gb, of which 41% correspond to repetitive sequences, including satDNAs, rDNAs, transposable elements, and other elements characterized as non-repetitive. The satDNAs were mapped by FISH in the centromeric and pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes, suggesting a possible involvement of these sequences in centromere function. SatDNAs are also present in the W sex chromosome, occupying the entire heterochromatic area, indicating a probable contribution of this class of repetitive DNA to the differentiation of the sex chromosomes in this species. This study is a valuable contribution to the existing knowledge on repetitive sequences in amphibians. We show the presence of repetitive DNAs, especially satDNAs, in the genome of P. boiei that might be of relevance in genome organization and regulation, setting the stage for a deeper functional genome analysis of Proceratophrys.

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Satellite DNA: An Evolving Topic

Cited by 308 publications

References 357 publications

Genetic and Genomic Diversity in a Tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) Germplasm Collection and Adaptability to Mediterranean Climate Conditions

Genetic and Genomic Diversity in a Tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) Germplasm Collection and Adaptability to Mediterranean Climate Conditions

An ancient satellite repeat controls gene expression and embryonic development inAedes aegyptithrough a highly conserved piRNA

Great Abundance of Satellite DNA in <b><i>Proceratophrys</i></b> (Anura, Odontophrynidae) Revealed by Genome Sequencing

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