Satellite communications integration with terrestrial networks

Kapovits, Adam; Corici, Marius; Gheorghe-Pop, Ilie-Daniel; Gavras, Anastasius; Burkhardt, Frank; Schlichter, Thomas; Covaci, Stefan

doi:10.1109/cc.2018.8438271

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Although most of the above papers have investigated cellular-satellite integration aspects, some limitations of the considered scenarios exist. For example, some related works either investigate performance over satellite emulators testbed implementations or work on virtualized environments of realtime simulators [8], [11]. These results lack relevant realistic requirements including the combined effect of LTE radio link with satellite-based backhaul connection to Evolved Packet Core (EPC).…”

Section: Motivation and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Impact of Satellite Communications Over Mobile Networks: An Experimental Analysis

Zeydan¹,

Türk²

2019

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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Future telecommunication systems are expected to co-exist with different backhauling nodes such as terrestrial or satellite systems. Satellite connectivity can add flexibility to backhauling networks and provide an alternative route for transmission. This paper presents experimental comparisons of satellite and terrestrial based backhaul networks and evaluates their performances in terms of different Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) including Channel Quality Index (CQI), Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) index, Downlink (DL) throughput, Frame Usage (FU) ratio and number of Resource Block (RB) utilization. Our experimental satellite network system uses a real satellitebased backhaul deployment and works in Ka band. As a benchmark, we compare our system with terrestrial network with regular cellular backhaul connection. Our experiments reveal three main observations: The first observation is that problems with FU ratio and number of RB utilization exist in satellite eNodeB even though a single test user equipment (UE) with high CQI and MCS index values is connected. The second observation is that in satellite link relatively low numbers of Protocol Data Units (PDUs) are generated at Radio Link Controller (RLC) layer compared to the Packet Data Convergence Control (PDCP) layer. Finally, our third observation concludes that the excessive existence of PDCP PDUs can be due to utilization of General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol-User Plane (GTP-U) accelerator where an optimal balance between the caching size and the number of UEs using satellite eNodeB is needed. Hence, the existence of a trade-off between the supported number of UEs using satellite link and the GTP-U acceleration rate is also revealed with our experimental results.

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Section: Motivation and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Impact of Satellite Communications Over Mobile Networks: An Experimental Analysis

Zeydan¹,

Türk²

2019

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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“…The farthest coverage distance reported in the literature is only 100 km, which even cannot support maritime activities in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) [3]. Therefore, it is of great interest to build a space-ground integrated network for maritime communications, so as to achieve the coordination gain, taking full advantage of both satellites and shore-based networks [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment-Aware Coverage Optimization for Space-Ground Integrated Maritime Communications

Wei

Feng

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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To satisfy the growing demand for broadband maritime communications, space-ground integrated maritime communication networks (MCNs) arise, which are envisioned to take full advantage of both satellites and terrestrial shore-based networks. In practice, due to the frequent beam hopping of satellites and the limited number of geographically available onshore base-station sites, the space-ground integrated MCN usually presents a highly non-cellular network structure, leading to both challenging blind zones and coverage areas with severe interference. In this paper, we optimize the coverage performance by exploiting the marine environment information. Particularly, the transmit antenna correlation is estimated using the location and mobility information of scatterers on the sea, such as lighthouses, reefs, islands, and vessels. The position and attitude information of satellites are also utilized for interference estimation. Based on that, we optimize the input covariance and precoding matrix to maximize the ergodic sum capacity for all mobile terminals within the coverage. It is a complicated non-convex problem, especially because the ergodic sum capacity is difficult to be expressed straightly without the expectation operator. We introduce an upper bound of the ergodic sum capacity using the path loss and the transmit antenna correlation estimated from the environment information, and then propose an iterative algorithm to solve the problem by solving a set of convex subproblems. The proposed environment-aware scheme is evaluated using the real-world geographic information of a coastal area of China. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can greatly improve the ergodic sum capacity and the energy efficiency compared with existing approaches, and achieve dynamic coverage to match the non-cellular network structure. INDEX TERMS Maritime communications, marine environment information, non-cellular, coverage optimization, dynamic coverage.

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“…The development of a convergent satellite-terrestrial architecture, tailored to the satellite capabilities and to the targeted use cases, is one of the key challenges [12]. New technologies such as virtualization and cloud infrastructure at the edge of the cell are considered to meet the 5G requirements and use cases [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite Integration into 5G: Accent on First Over-The-Air Tests of an Edge Node Concept with Integrated Satellite Backhaul

et al. 2019

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The 5G vision embraces a broad range of applications including the connectivity in underserved and remote areas. In particular, for these applications, satellites are going to play a role in future 5G networks to provide capacity on trains, vessels, aircraft, and for base stations around the globe. In this paper, a 5G edge node concept, developed and evaluated with over-the-air tests using satellites in the geostationary orbit, is presented. The article covers a testbed demonstration study in Europe with a large-scale testbed including satellites and the latest standardization for the network architecture. The main goal of this testbed is to evaluate how satellite networks can be best integrated within the convergent 5G environment. The over-the-air tests for 5G satellite integration in this article are based on a 3GPP Release 15 core network architecture.

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Satellite communications integration with terrestrial networks

Cited by 41 publications

References 1 publication

On the Impact of Satellite Communications Over Mobile Networks: An Experimental Analysis

On the Impact of Satellite Communications Over Mobile Networks: An Experimental Analysis

Environment-Aware Coverage Optimization for Space-Ground Integrated Maritime Communications

Satellite Integration into 5G: Accent on First Over-The-Air Tests of an Edge Node Concept with Integrated Satellite Backhaul

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