Satellite cell reactions to axon injury of sensory ganglion neurons: Increase in number of gap junctions and formation of bridges connecting previously separate perineuronal sheaths

Pannese, Ennio; Ledda, M.; Cherkas, Pavel; Huang, Tian-Ying; Hanani, Menachem

doi:10.1007/s00429-002-0301-6

Cited by 107 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…3B). This idea was fully supported by a quantitative electron microscopic study, which revealed a growth of numerous fine processes between SGC envelopes and a 6-fold increase in the number of gap junctions [64,132] (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Plasticity Of Sgcsmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Satellite glial cells in sensory ganglia: from form to function

Hanani

2005

Brain Research Reviews

646

744

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Section: Plasticity Of Sgcsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…However, dye coupling studies showed that SGCs around a given neuron are functionally coupled in about 21% of the cases [64,132] (see Fig. 3A).…”

Section: Gap Junctions In Sgcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite glial cells in sensory ganglia: from form to function

Hanani

2005

Brain Research Reviews

646

744

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“…Moreover, axotomy also induces the hyperplasia of perineuronal satellite cells and triggers an incremented coupling in the lesioned DRG 23 . Likewise, Schwann cells react after axotomy both distally and proximally to the site of nerve injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

S100ß and fibroblast growth factor-2 are present in cultured Schwann cells and may exert paracrine actions on the peripheral nerve injury

et al. 2008

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PURPOSE: The neurotrophic factor fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2, bFGF) and Ca++ binding protein S100ß are expressed by the Schwann cells of the peripheral nerves and by the satellite cells of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Recent studies have pointed out the importance of the molecules in the paracrine mechanisms related to neuronal maintenance and plasticity of lesioned motor and sensory peripheral neurons. Moreover, cultured Schwann cells have been employed experimentally in the treatment of central nervous system lesions, in special the spinal cord injury, a procedure that triggers an enhanced sensorymotor function. Those cells have been proposed to repair long gap nerve injury. METHODS: Here we used double labeling immunohistochemistry and Western blot to better characterize in vitro and in vivo the presence of the proteins in the Schwann cells and in the satellite cells of the DRG as well as their regulation in those cells after a crush of the rat sciatic nerve. RESULTS: FGF-2 and S100ß are present in the Schwann cells of the sciatic nerve and in the satellite cells of the DRG. S100ß positive satellite cells showed increased size of the axotomized DRG and possessed elevated amount of FGF-2 immunoreactivity. Reactive satellite cells with increased FGF-2 labeling formed a ring-like structure surrounding DRG neuronal cell bodies.Reactive S100ß positive Schwann cells of proximal stump of axotomized sciatic nerve also expressed higher amounts of FGF-2. CONCLUSION: Reactive peripheral glial cells synthesizing FGF-2 and S100ß may be important in wound repair and restorative events in the lesioned peripheral nerves.

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“…7 Recent studies have demonstrated that the satellite glial cells have the ability to regulate ion concentration and possess mechanisms for the release of cytokines, ATP and other chemical messengers like calcium. 8,9 SGCs are the consistent component of the DRG in all the species, yet their contribution to the basic neuronal functions remains relatively unknown. 10 SGCs have been reported to influence neuronal excitability the gap junctions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of gap junctions bearing connexin-43 subunits and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the rat dorsal root ganglia following hind paw incision

2016

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INTRODUCTIONPostoperative pain is a common form of acute pain. Pain from a surgical incision occurs at rest and is exacerbated by coughing, ambulation, and change of dressing. 1 Incisional pain in rodents allows assessment of the mechanisms responsible for increased mechanical sensitivity following a surgical incision and also to investigate novel treatments for postoperative pain. Thus, there are two types of postoperative pain, which include the evoked and non-evoked variety.Non-evoked pain is short lasting, moderate and is the ongoing pain at rest in the patients, which is easier to treat and better relieved by analgesic agents. Evoked pain is intense, long lasting and related to coughing, ambulation, and other related activities.2 The dorsal root ganglia (DRG) play an important role in the transmission ABSTRACT Background: Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons mediate the transmission of sensation from the periphery. DRG neurons are pseudounipolar in nature and enveloped by the satellite glial cells (SC). Satellite glial cells have been reported to influence neuronal excitability via gap junctions. Postoperative pain causes induction of various neurotransmitters such as connexin-43 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), in the satellite cells surrounding neuronal cell bodies Objective: To study the expression of connexin-43 and Glial fibrillary acidic protein after hind paw incision. Methods: Male adult Sprague-Dawley rats (n=12) were used. Rats were randomly divided into two groups. Group I (n=6) and Group II (n=6) for immunohistochemical study with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and connexin-43 (Cx-43) respectively. In this study, rats were subjected to noxious stimuli on the right hind paw under general anesthesia. Dorsal root ganglia of both sides (L4 spinal nerves) were isolated after transcardiac fixation with 4% paraformaldehyde. The ganglia from the non-incised side were taken as the control group. Results: Unipolar neurons in the DRG were surrounded by satellite cells. The satellite cells were positive for GFAP, which showed increased expression on the surgical side after noxious stimuli. Cx-43 immunostaining also showed an increased expression in the periphery of neuronal cell bodies of surgical side representing the location of gap junctions and hyperexcitability of neurons. Conclusions: Small to medium sized neurons carry pain sensation from the periphery to the central nervous system. Increased gap junctions were noted in small neurons and satellite cells after surgery. Gap junctions might contribute to increased excitability of small neurons in postoperative pain.

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Satellite cell reactions to axon injury of sensory ganglion neurons: Increase in number of gap junctions and formation of bridges connecting previously separate perineuronal sheaths

Cited by 107 publications

References 49 publications

Satellite glial cells in sensory ganglia: from form to function

Satellite glial cells in sensory ganglia: from form to function

S100ß and fibroblast growth factor-2 are present in cultured Schwann cells and may exert paracrine actions on the peripheral nerve injury

Expression of gap junctions bearing connexin-43 subunits and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the rat dorsal root ganglia following hind paw incision

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