SARS, MERS and COVID-19 among healthcare workers: A narrative review

Xiao, Jian; Fang, Min; Chen, Qiong; He, Binglin

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.019

Cited by 118 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Reports of worse outcomes in BAME (Black, Asian and other Minority Ethnic) groups and debates about personal protective equipment (PPE) have heightened these concerns [ 1 , 2 ]. China, Italy and the USA have reported HCW infection rates of up to 3.8%, 10%, and 19%, respectively, with fatality rates of up to 1.2% [ [3] , [4] , [5] ]. Current literature for the UK is limited and is restricted to data from short time-frames with little detail on transmission dynamics, and on inter-departmental and inter-specialty differences [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in healthcare workers at a London teaching hospital

Zheng

Hafezi-Bakhtiari

Cooper

et al. 2020

Journal of Hospital Infection

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Background Healthcare worker (HCW)-associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is of global concern due to the potential for nosocomial spread and depletion of staff numbers. However, the literature on transmission routes and risk factors for COVID-19 in HCWs is limited. Aim To examine the characteristics and transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in HCWs in a university teaching hospital in London, UK. Methods Staff records and virology testing results were combined to identify staff sickness and COVID-19 rates from March to April 2020. Comparisons were made with staff professional groups, department of work, and ethnicity. Findings COVID-19 rates in our HCWs largely rose and declined in parallel with the number of community cases. White and non-White ethnic groups among our HCWs had similar rates of infection. Clinical staff had a higher rate of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 than non-clinical staff, but total sickness rates were similar. Doctors had the highest rate of infection, but took the fewest sickness days. Critical care had lower rates than the emergency department (ED), but rates in the ED declined when all staff were advised to use personal protective equipment (PPE). Conclusion Sustained transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among our hospital staff did not occur, beyond the community outbreak, even in the absence of strict infection control measures in non-clinical areas. Current PPE appears to be effective when used appropriately. Our findings emphasize the importance of testing both clinical and non-clinical staff groups during a pandemic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in healthcare workers at a London teaching hospital

Zheng

Hafezi-Bakhtiari

Cooper

et al. 2020

Journal of Hospital Infection

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“…Cancer care providers are at increased risk for coronavirus infection as chances of acquiring infection at workplace are high. Previous experiences of SARS and MERS outbreaks had shown that the rate of Coronavirus transmission among healthcare workers were significant, accounting for 21,07% [21] and 19,1% [22][23] of confirmed cases, respectively. Current data on COVID-19 case among healthcare providers are incomplete and very dynamic.…”

Section: Caring For Staff Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current data on COVID-19 case among healthcare providers are incomplete and very dynamic. However several studies have reported a high rate of COVID-19 transmission among healthcare workers since the onset of the outbreak [23][24][25]. This situation has led to substantial decrease of available staff due to selfisolation (staff was suspected of COVID-19 or household member developed symptoms).…”

Section: Caring For Staff Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Having contact with confirmed cases of COVID-19 demonstrated as significant factors of high level of distress, experienced by 29-35% healthcare workers delivering care to SARS patients [26] and 26% of doctors involved in MERS care [27]. Past experience provided lessons that healthcare management team should put attention on staff's need of logistic and psychological support [23]. In NCCs of the participating countries, staff protection is one key focus of COVID-19 related strategies, including the implementation of staff virtual meeting and working from home policies to ensure social distancing approach; modification on treatment regimens and rescheduling of non-urgent treatment to reduce hospital visits, and psychological support for staff dealing with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases.…”

Section: Caring For Staff Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Asian Perspective of the Management of COVID-19: the Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance Led Regional Comparison

Dewi

Gatellier²,

Sabapathy³

et al. 2020

Asian Pac J Cancer Care

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Objective: To describe how the Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance (ANCCA) members preserve high standards of care for cancer patients while battling the COVID-19 pandemic and to propose new strategies in the Asian Cancer Centers’ preparedness to future pandemics. Methods: A 41-question-based survey was developed using an online survey tool and conducted among 15 major Asian National Cancer Centers, including 13 ANCCA members. Direct interviews of several specialists were conducted subsequently to obtain additional answers to key questions that emerged during the survey analysis. Result: Institution/country-specific results provided a strong insight on the diverse ways of managing the pandemic around Asia, while maintaining well-balanced cancer care. Pragmatic strategies were put in place in each NCC hospital, including zoning and intensive triage depending on the pandemic impact. Distancing strategies and telemedicine were implemented in different capacity depending on the national healthcare system. In addition, there was a diverse impact on the manpower and financial aspect of cancer care across surveyed NCCs relating to magnitude of the pandemic impact on the country. Conclusion: The priorities nevertheless remain on maintaining cancer care delivery while protecting both patients and health care workers from the risk of COVID-19 infection. The role of a think-tank such as ANCCA to help share experiences in a timely manner can enhance preparedness in future pandemic scenarios.

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“…Frontline healthcare workers, including nurses, willingly put themselves at great risk every day of contracting COVID-19 from their patients and their colleagues, but, like Nightingale, are completely dedicated to the care and wellbeing of others (Fedele, 2020;Koven, 2020;Stokowski, 2020). Worldwide shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) have placed healthcare workers in an unenviable position (Fedele, 2020;Koven, 2020;Stokowski, 2020), some even making the ultimate sacrifice, with loss of life, for example, in China, Italy, Iran, France, UK and the USA (Amnesty International, 2020;Mhango, Dzobo, Chitungo, & Dzinamarira, 2020;Sahu et al, 2020;Xiao, Fang, Chen, & He, 2020;Xiang, Li et al, 2020).…”

Section: Coronavirus (Covid-19)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory and its influence on contemporary infection control

Gilbert¹

2020

Collegian

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Background: The work of Florence Nightingale has laid the foundation for contemporary nursing practice, bringing the fundamental art and science of nursing into the 21st century. Her Environmental Theory was the beginning of a lifetime's work, being one of her many healthcare reforms which survive to this day as the practice of infection control. Aim: To discuss the development of Nightingale's Environmental Theory in the 19th century and its application in contemporary 21st century nursing practice. Methods: A search of Nightingale's publications, biographers and theorists, selected journal articles and databases to build a picture of the origins, significance and practice of contemporary infection control. Findings: Nightingale's Environmental Theory has changed the face of infection control exponentially. Today's guidelines are an integral part of nursing practice, to the extent that they continue to evolve, particularly as the coronavirus pandemic remains active around the world. Discussion: Investigation of Nightingale's experiences in the Crimean War, of the disease, infection, death and dying that she encountered there and the subsequent development of her Environmental Theory and its application in 21st century nursing practice. Conclusion: Contemporary infection control is now an integral part of nursing and nursing practice the world over. It is an essential part of creating safe environments that help to promote good healing, good health and wellbeing and good patient outcomes, along with the opportunity for continued development to keep in step with changing patient and global need.

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SARS, MERS and COVID-19 among healthcare workers: A narrative review

Cited by 118 publications

References 59 publications

Characteristics and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in healthcare workers at a London teaching hospital

Characteristics and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in healthcare workers at a London teaching hospital

An Asian Perspective of the Management of COVID-19: the Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance Led Regional Comparison

Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory and its influence on contemporary infection control

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