SARS-CoV-2 viability on different surfaces after gaseous ozone treatment: a preliminary evaluation

Percivalle, Elena; Clerici, Mario; Cassaniti, Irene; Nepita, Edoardo Vecchio; Marchese, P.; Olivati, D.; Catelli, Cesare; Berri, A.; Baldanti, Fausto; Marone, P.; Bruno, Raffaele; Triarico, Antonio; Lago, Pamela Nery do

doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2021.01.014

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Although ozone has recently been studied to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 ( Martins et al, 2021 , Volkoff et al, 2021 , Murata et al, 2021 , Zucker et al, 2021 , Yano et al, 2020 , Uppal et al, 2021 ), these studies have only concerned with a narrow range of ozone dose and RH, and have mostly used surrogates instead of authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus ( Zucker et al, 2021 , Uppal et al, 2021 ). In addition, the effect of the media on virus inactivation has not been studied, and the CT values reported varied widely; for example, for a virus inactivation of 93%±3%, the reported CT values spanned over the range 0.1 to 40 g.min/m 3 ( Murata et al, 2021 , Zucker et al, 2021 , Percivalle et al, 2021 , Criscuolo et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, the effect of RH on inactivation has not been fully clarified, and there are no clear kinetic data on ozone-mediated inactivation of the virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation on surfaces and in liquid cell culture media

Tizaoui

Stanton

Statkute

et al. 2022

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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This study evaluated the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, by ozone using virus grown in cell culture media either dried on surfaces (plastic, glass, stainless steel, copper, and coupons of ambulance seat and floor) or suspended in liquid. Treatment in liquid reduced SARS-CoV-2 at a rate of 0.92±0.11 log 10 -reduction per ozone CT dose(mg.min/L); where CT is ozone concentration times exposure time. On surface, the synergistic effect of CT and relative humidity (RH) was key to virus inactivation; the rate varied from 0.01 to 0.27 log 10 -reduction per ozone CT value(g.min/m 3 ) as RH varied from 17% to 70%. Depletion of ozone by competitive reactions with the medium constituents, mass transfer limiting the penetration of ozone to the bulk of the medium, and occlusion of the virus in dried matrix were postulated as potential mechanisms that reduce ozone efficacy. RH70% was found plausible since it provided the highest disinfection rate while being below the critical RH that promotes mould growth in buildings. In conclusion, through careful choice of (CT, RH), gaseous ozone is effective against SARS-CoV-2 and our results are of significance to a growing field where ozone is applied to control the spread of COVID-19.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation on surfaces and in liquid cell culture media

Tizaoui

Stanton

Statkute

et al. 2022

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…It was demonstrated that 55 min/6 ppm ozone treatment reduced SARS-CoV-2 titre by 4.23 log 10 TCID 50 / mL compared to initial titre, but only about 3.3 log 10 TCID 50 / mL compared to untreated control [ 26 ]. In other reports, the observable reduction in infectivity oscillated between 80 and 99.8%, depending on the type of surface, humidity, ozone concentration, and treatment duration [ 24 , 37 , 38 ]. In our study, the virucidal activity of ozone treatment was limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Since gaseous ozone treatment is inexpensive and easily accessible, it has become a widely used tool for the decontamination of offices, classrooms, and other public spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic. Up to this point, several studies investigated the efficiency of gaseous ozone treatment on coronavirus contaminated fomites [ 24 , 26 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. However, all these experimental works were performed under strictly controlled laboratory conditions, with the application of airtight and low-volume chambers, which may not directly translate into a realistic environment [ 24 , 26 , 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to this point, several studies investigated the efficiency of gaseous ozone treatment on coronavirus contaminated fomites [ 24 , 26 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. However, all these experimental works were performed under strictly controlled laboratory conditions, with the application of airtight and low-volume chambers, which may not directly translate into a realistic environment [ 24 , 26 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. To our knowledge, this is the first report investigating the efficacy of gaseous ozone treatment against SARS-CoV-2 surrogate in conditions mimicking its actual use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Virus survival on the surfaces also depends on environmental conditions, including temperature and relative humidity. Several studies showed that high RH conditions favour faster inactivation of surficial coronaviruses [ 38 , 41 , 42 ]. The ozone is unstable, especially when in contact with water; thus, under high RH conditions, it forms free radicals, which may improve disinfection effectivity [ 19 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ozone Treatment Is Insufficient to Inactivate SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate under Field Conditions

Mazur-Panasiuk

Botwina

Kutaj³

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 caused a worldwide crisis, highlighting the importance of preventive measures in infectious diseases control. SARS-CoV-2 can remain infectious on surfaces for up to several weeks; therefore, proper disinfection is required to mitigate the risk of indirect virus spreading. Gaseous ozone treatment has received particular attention as an easily accessible disinfection tool. In this study, we evaluated the virucidal effectiveness of gaseous ozone treatment (>7.3 ppm, 2 h) on MHV-contaminated stainless-steel surface and PBS-suspended virus under field conditions at ambient (21.8%) and high (49.8–54.2%) relative humidity. Surficial virus was soiled with 0.3 g/l of BSA. Parallelly, a half-hour vaporization with 7.3% hydrogen peroxide was performed on contaminated carriers. The obtained results showed that gaseous ozone, whilst quite effective against suspended virus, was insufficient in sanitizing coronavirus contaminated surfaces, especially under low RH. Increased humidity created more favorable conditions for MHV inactivation, resulting in 2.1 log titre reduction. Vaporization with 7.3% hydrogen peroxide presented much better virucidal performance than ozonation in a similar experimental setup, indicating that its application may be more advantageous regarding gaseous disinfection of surfaces contaminated with other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2.

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Inactivation of Pathogenic Microorganisms on Polymeric Materials through Ozonation

et al. 2023

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Ozone-based technologies have been evaluated to inactivate the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on surfaces. However, the vast diversity of information makes it difficult to establish common ground for determining the best practices for using this technology. The objective of this work is to evaluate the success of N95 mask decontamination by ozonation, determining the specific parameters for process control. To quantify the effectiveness of the process, a disinfection protocol was initially developed based on two bacterial species (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius), followed by another disinfection assay using the murine hepatitis coronavirus (MHV-3), in a laboratory-scale prototype. Ozone is an effective candidate for use against SARS-CoV-2 or other viruses to disinfect personal protection equipment (PPE).

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SARS-CoV-2 viability on different surfaces after gaseous ozone treatment: a preliminary evaluation

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Ozone for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation on surfaces and in liquid cell culture media

Ozone for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation on surfaces and in liquid cell culture media

Ozone Treatment Is Insufficient to Inactivate SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate under Field Conditions

Inactivation of Pathogenic Microorganisms on Polymeric Materials through Ozonation

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