SARS CoV- 2 vaccination induces antibodies against cardiolipin

Krashias, George; Pafiti, Anna; Deeba, Elie; Christodoulou, Christina; Pantzaris, Marios; Lambrianides, Anastasia

doi:10.1186/s13104-022-06180-3

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(3 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It remains to be seen whether weak aCL antibody positivity could also be related to COVID-19 vaccination or part of the epitope spreading cascade in our patient. Recent research around this phenomenon is conflicting, with some studies reporting a link between COVID-19 vaccination and development of antiphospholipid antibodies, 27 and others reporting no link between vaccination and antiphospholipid antibody production. 28 The patient in case 2 did not have any clinical consequences associated with positive aCL titers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Double-Positive Anti–Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibody and Myeloperoxidase Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody–Associated Glomerulonephritis Post COVID-19 mRNA vaccine: A Case Series of 4 Patients

Ting

Barbir

McRae

et al. 2023

Can J Kidney Health Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale: Vaccines remain central to the management of COVID-19 pandemic, including the need for repeat doses of vaccines to boost immunity. There has been an accumulating case count of glomerulopathies temporally associated with COVID-19 vaccination. This case series presents 4 patients who developed double-positive anti–glomerular basement membrane antibody (anti-GBM) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. This report contributes to our collective knowledge about the pathophysiology and clinical outcomes associated with this rare complication. Presenting Concerns of the Patient: Four patients developed nephritic syndrome within 1 to 6 weeks after receiving a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (3 post Pfizer-BioNTech and 1 post Moderna vaccination). Three of the 4 patients also had hemoptysis. Diagnosis: Three of the 4 patients had double-positive serology, whereas the fourth patient had renal biopsy findings consistent with double-positive disease, although anti-GBM serology was negative. All patients had renal biopsy findings consistent with double-positive anti-GBM and ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis. Interventions: All 4 patients were treated with pulse steroids, cyclophosphamide, and plasmapheresis. Outcomes: Of the 4 patients, 1 demonstrated complete remission, 2 remained dialysis-dependent, and the fourth is deceased. Of the 2 patients who received repeat vaccination with COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, 1 patient had second serologic flare of anti-GBM in response to the vaccine. Novel Findings: This case series reinforces growing evidence that COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-induced glomerulonephritis is a rare but real phenomenon. Dual ANCA and anti-GBM nephritis can present after the first dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine or after several administrations of the vaccine. We are the first to report cases of double-positive MPO ANCA and anti-GBM nephritis after Pfizer-BioNTech vaccination. To our knowledge, we are also the first to report outcomes of repeat COVID-19 vaccination in patients with de novo flare of ANCA and anti-GBM nephritis temporally associated with COVID-19 vaccination.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is consistent with the study that showed that although aCL levels are higher in Pfizer-vaccinated patients, these positive levels are not clinically pathogenic. 27 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-Positive Anti–Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibody and Myeloperoxidase Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody–Associated Glomerulonephritis Post COVID-19 mRNA vaccine: A Case Series of 4 Patients

Ting

Barbir

McRae

et al. 2023

Can J Kidney Health Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another notable result reported here is that none of the antibodies against any SARS-CoV-2 protein cross-reacted with CL which, like PF4, is a target of autoantibodies in most COVID-19 coagulopathies. Anti-CL IgG and IgM are rarely (4.5–5.7 and 6.4–6.6%., respectively) observed in COVID-19 hospitalized patients who are not diagnosed with thrombosis [ 26 , 34 ] but anti-CL IgG and IgM antibodies are present in 52% and 40%, respectively, of COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care and are highly associated with thrombotic events [ 96 ]. CL (3-bis(sn-3’-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol) is a phospholipid that is found as a normal component of blood plasma as well as the mitochondrial membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is not found in any known virus but is common to the cell membranes of all the bacterial species studied here [ 40 ]. Thus, a number of studies have recently reported that vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (adjuvanted and adenovirus vectored) fails to induce anti-CL antibodies [ 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 ]. These studies using human sera and polyclonal antibody preparations are consistent with our observation of the lack of cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 or adenovirus rodent antibodies and CL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, COVID-19 patients characterized by anti-CL antibodies are also characterized by having anti-β2-glycoprotein I (aβ2-GPI) IgG and IgM (39% and up to 34% of patients, respectively) and up to 12% are also positive for lupus anticoagulant (LA) antibodies [ 96 ], another recognized risk factor for coagulopathies. The confluence of these sets of antibodies strongly argues for co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Complementary Sets of Autoantibodies Induced by SARS-CoV-2, Adenovirus and Bacterial Antigens Cross-React with Human Blood Protein Antigens in COVID-19 Coagulopathies

Root‐Bernstein

Huber

Ziehl

2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COVID-19 patients often develop coagulopathies including microclotting, thrombotic strokes or thrombocytopenia. Autoantibodies are present against blood-related proteins including cardiolipin (CL), serum albumin (SA), platelet factor 4 (PF4), beta 2 glycoprotein 1 (β2GPI), phosphodiesterases (PDE), and coagulation factors such as Factor II, IX, X and von Willebrand factor (vWF). Different combinations of autoantibodies associate with different coagulopathies. Previous research revealed similarities between proteins with blood clotting functions and SARS-CoV-2 proteins, adenovirus, and bacterial proteins associated with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 infections. This study investigated whether polyclonal antibodies (mainly goat and rabbit) against these viruses and bacteria recognize human blood-related proteins. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and adenovirus recognized vWF, PDE and PF4 and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies also recognized additional antigens. Most bacterial antibodies tested (group A streptococci [GAS], staphylococci, Escherichia coli [E. coli], Klebsiella pneumoniae, Clostridia, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) cross-reacted with CL and PF4. while GAS antibodies also bound to F2, Factor VIII, Factor IX, and vWF, and E. coli antibodies to PDE. All cross-reactive interactions involved antibody-antigen binding constants smaller than 100 nM. Since most COVID-19 coagulopathy patients display autoantibodies against vWF, PDE and PF4 along with CL, combinations of viral and bacterial infections appear to be necessary to initiate their autoimmune coagulopathies.

show abstract

Temporal changes in biomarkers of neutrophil extracellular traps and NET‐promoting autoantibodies following adenovirus‐vectored, mRNA, and recombinant protein COVID‐19 vaccination

Kuo,

Kang,

Lai

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a role in innate pathogen defense and also trigger B‐cell response by providing antigens. NETs have been linked to vaccine‐induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia. We postulated a potential link between NET biomarkers, NET‐promoting autoantibodies, and adverse events (AEs) after COVID‐19 vaccine boosters. Healthy donors (HDs) who received ChAdOx1‐S (A), mRNA‐1273 (M), or recombinant protein (MVC–COV1901) vaccines at the National Taiwan University Hospital between 2021 and 2022 were recruited. We measured serial NET‐associated biomarkers, citrullinated‐histone3 (citH3), and myeloperoxidase (MPO)‐DNA. Serum citH3 and MPO‐DNA were significantly or numerically higher in HDs who reported AEs (n = 100, booster Day 0/Day 30, p = 0.01/p = 0.03 and p = 0.30/p = 0.35, respectively). We also observed a positive correlation between rash occurrence in online diaries and elevated citH3. A linear mixed model also revealed significantly higher citH3 levels in mRNA‐1273/ChAdOx1‐S recipients than MVC‐COV1901 recipients. Significant positive correlations were observed between the ratios of anti‐heparin platelet factor 4 and citH3 levels on Booster Day 0 and naïve and between the ratios of anti‐NET IgM and citH3 on Booster Day 30/Day 0 in the AA‐M and MM‐M group, respectively. The increased levels of citH3/MPO‐DNA accompanied by NET‐promoting autoantibodies suggest a potential connection between mRNA‐1273/ChAdOx1‐S vaccines and cardiovascular complications. These findings provide insights for risk assessments of future vaccines.

show abstract

SARS CoV- 2 vaccination induces antibodies against cardiolipin

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Double-Positive Anti–Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibody and Myeloperoxidase Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody–Associated Glomerulonephritis Post COVID-19 mRNA vaccine: A Case Series of 4 Patients

Double-Positive Anti–Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibody and Myeloperoxidase Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody–Associated Glomerulonephritis Post COVID-19 mRNA vaccine: A Case Series of 4 Patients

Complementary Sets of Autoantibodies Induced by SARS-CoV-2, Adenovirus and Bacterial Antigens Cross-React with Human Blood Protein Antigens in COVID-19 Coagulopathies

Temporal changes in biomarkers of neutrophil extracellular traps and NET‐promoting autoantibodies following adenovirus‐vectored, mRNA, and recombinant protein COVID‐19 vaccination

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About