SARS-CoV-2 Specific Antibody Response and T Cell-Immunity in Immunocompromised Patients up to Six Months Post COVID: A Pilot Study

Sjöwall, Johanna; Hjorth, Maria; Gustafsson, Annette; Göransson, Robin; Larsson, Marie; Waller, Hjalmar; Nordgren, Johan; Nilsdotter-Augustinsson, Åsa; Nyström, Sofia

doi:10.3390/jcm11123535

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…All chronic conditions as diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, chronic kidney disease, neurological disease, and immunosuppressive disease; all been correlated with a higher risk of hospitalization or death when given COVID-19 [24,25]. Individuals with these circumstances have been given priority vaccination in several national programs [26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effects of Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine among Egyptian healthcare workers

Kaffas

Aboelnour²,

H.Abuelela³

2022

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effects of Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine among Egyptian healthcare workers

Kaffas

Aboelnour²,

H.Abuelela³

2022

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell humoral response assessment after COVID-19 vaccination using a rapid direct real-time PCR amplification

Cosma

Galla

Padoan

et al. 2023

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Objectives The SARS-CoV-2 immune response is mediated by both humoral and cellular immunity. In this study, SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular immunity was tested by a novel direct real-time PCR (dRT-PCR) assay, targeting mRNA of CXCL10, and compared with respect to an ELISA measuring interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release. Methods Whole blood (Li–He) and serum samples were collected from 92 healthcare workers (HCW), with three doses of homologous (Pfizer/BioNTech, n=74) or heterologous (Pfizer/BioNTech and Vaxzevria or Moderna, n=18) vaccinations. Li–He samples were incubated with SCV2 PANEL-1-T-ACTIVATION (Hyris srl, Lodi, Italy), or CoV-2 IGRA TUBE ELISA (Euroimmune, Lubeck, Germany). CXCL10 mRNA expression was analyzed by bCube/bApp (Hyris), while IFN-γ was evaluated by quant-T-Cell SARS-CoV-2 ELISA (Euroimmune). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG levels were measured in sera using a CLIA assay (Snibe, Shenzen, China). Results Imprecision of dRT-PCR assay was found to be satisfactory, and the two methods for measuring T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 peptides agreed in 82/87 (94.2%) of results. At qualitative dRT-PCR analyses, 81 subjects (93.2%) resulted as reactive to SARS-CoV-2 peptides, 3 (3.4%) were borderline and 3 were negative (3.4%). At univariate and multivariate analyses of quantitative dRT-PCR mRNA of CXCL10 and IFN-γ release results showed no difference between HCW with previous infection, homologous/heterologous vaccination, or demographical features. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG was associated with the previous infection and the time between the last vaccination or positivity. Conclusions Direct RT-PCR appeared accurate for determining the presence or absence of immunoreactivity of SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells, especially when rapid analyses are required, such as for organ transplantation.

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SARS-CoV-2 Immunity in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Recipients: What Do We Know, and What Remains to Be Determined?

Piñana

Guerreiro

Solano

2023

Hemato

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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) results in profound immunosuppression for the first few months after the procedure, requiring patients to be revaccinated against childhood vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Patients who undergo allo-HSCT are at high risk of bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, with infectious complications responsible for at least one third of deaths. Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory virus infections were known to be more severe in HSCT recipients. The pandemic has highlighted the vulnerability of HSCT recipients, who experience an increased risk of morbidity and mortality after COVID-19 compared with healthy populations due to their severe immunodeficiency status. However, the current pandemic has also provided an exceptional scenario to better understand the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 cases and mRNA vaccines in HSCT recipients, including those receiving CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy. Researchers have focused on the role of the immune system in protecting against severe SARS-CoV-2 in patients with hematologic malignancies, including HSCT recipients. Insights gained during the pandemic will likely soon be used to improve preventive strategies in this population against viral infections in the near future. This narrative review summarizes the current knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 immunity in HSCT and cell therapy recipients following SARS-CoV-2 cases or vaccination.

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SARS-CoV-2 Specific Antibody Response and T Cell-Immunity in Immunocompromised Patients up to Six Months Post COVID: A Pilot Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Adverse effects of Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine among Egyptian healthcare workers

Adverse effects of Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine among Egyptian healthcare workers

SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell humoral response assessment after COVID-19 vaccination using a rapid direct real-time PCR amplification

SARS-CoV-2 Immunity in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant and Cell Therapy Recipients: What Do We Know, and What Remains to Be Determined?

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