SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence on the north coast of Peru: A cross-sectional study after the first wave

Moyano, Luz M.; Toledo, Angie K.; Chirinos, Jenny; Barreto, Percy Mc Quen Vilchez; Cavalcanti, Sofia; Gamboa, Ricardo; Ypanaque, John; Meza, Mauro; Noriega, Sheila; Herrera, Víctor Gallego; Bazan, Edgar; Requena, Alexandra; Silva, Henry; Burgos, Harold; León-Jiménez, Franco

doi:10.1101/2022.09.07.22279669

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The recruitment process, censuses, and rapid antibody testing for COVID-19, were described elsewhere (12,13). Briefly, the regional directorate of Health-Tumbes and the Center for Global Health collaborated to conduct a nominal census with block-numbered homes.…”

Section: Study Design and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was determined by dividing the number of participants who tested positive for IgG, IgM, or both in a lateral flow test by the total number of participants. The variables: sex, "type of family", rooms per person , water supply and water storage were describe in a previously research (12). "Latrines/don't have" and "other and restrooms," which are designated as places with a toilet, sink, network connection, and drainage, are the two categories for the variable for hygienic services (12).…”

Section: Definitions and Operationalization Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variables: sex, "type of family", rooms per person , water supply and water storage were describe in a previously research (12). "Latrines/don't have" and "other and restrooms," which are designated as places with a toilet, sink, network connection, and drainage, are the two categories for the variable for hygienic services (12). Visual examination was used to confirm the factors related to the water supply, water storage, and hygiene services.…”

Section: Definitions and Operationalization Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cross-sectional study conducted in a rural village of Tumbes (Puerto Pizarro) during the final days of the first wave found an adjusted seroprevalence of 24.82% (12) where; with being a woman [28.03%, p=0.002], water storage [PR 1.37, p=0.034], and symptoms such as fever, general discomfort, cough, nasal congestion, respiratory distress, headache, anosmia, and ageusia being variables associated with a positive antibody rapid-test of Sars-cov-2 (12,13). Taking full advantage of the regional program of active surveillance of the Tumbes Government (GORE) and Regional Directorate of Health (DIRESA) (14), we conducted a cross-sectional study in a human settlement named AAHH Las Flores (n = 781 population): a) to assess seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 at the end of the second wave, b) to determine distribution by age group, and health determinants associated with residents over 2 years old.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High seroprevalence after the second wave of SARS-COV2 respiratory infection in a small settlement on the northern coastal of Peru

Toledo,

León-Jimenez,

Cavalcanti

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundDue to more infections from variations that could escape vaccination and immunity by asymptomatic to uninfected transmission, COVID-19’s second wave had higher seroprevalence globally. Public health constraints and herd immunity may not work against these novel variations’ infectivity. This population-based study in Peru’s Tumbes Region during the second wave of COVID-19 seeks to determine seroprevalence and demographic changes from the first wave.Methodology/Principal findingsIn Dec 2021-Jan 2022, a study in Tumbes’ informal settlement sampled individuals over 2 years old from one in every four households. Finger-prick blood samples and symptom surveys were collected. On the second wave, there was a substantial rise in adjusted seroprevalence (50.15%, 95% CI [45.92 – 54.40]) compared with the first wave (24.82 %, 95%CI [22.49 – 27.25]), with females maintaining a higher seroprevalence (53.89; 95% CI [48.48-59.23]) vs. 45.49; 95% CI [38.98-52.12], p=0.042) compare to males. Those under 18 years of age had the highest IgG seropositivity: the 12–17 age group during the second wave (85.14%) and the 2–11 age group (25.25%) during the first wave. Nasal congestion and cough were symptoms associated with seropositivity, unlike the first wave.Conclusions/SignificanceIn Tumbes, the seroprevalence of COVID-19 increased by twofold compared to the initial wave. Inadequate infrastructure and limitations in human resources and supplies in healthcare facilities made the Peruvian health system collapse. We must include in epidemiological surveillance mHealth tools that enable real-time reporting of new cases. Working alongside the community is the only way to improve any new intervention strategy to prevent or control a new pandemic.Author summaryIn Peru, the healthcare system was overwhelmed by the COVID-19 pandemic due to the lack of hospital capacity, oxygen supply, political unrest, and a fragmented healthcare system. During the first wave, the prevalence ranged from 20.8% to 72%, and it was predicted that the second wave would be disastrous. To assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the settlement “AAHH Las Flores” located in front of Tumbes National University’s main campus. A door-to-door intervention was conducted, and a total of 580/781 (74.26%) individuals over than 2 years and above agreed to participate. After adjusting for sensitivity and specificity, the calculated adjusted seroprevalence was 50.15%. Women had a slightly higher adjusted seroprevalence compared to men, and the age groups with the highest prevalence of IgG seropositive were from 12 to 17 years, from 30 to 59 years, and older than 60 years. More than 80% of seropositive patients were asymptomatic in all age groups. The study’s findings suggest that COVID-19 transmission in the settlement was higher during the second wave, and asymptomatic individuals could have played a critical role in spreading the virus.

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Section: Study Design and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Definitions and Operationalization Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Definitions and Operationalization Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High seroprevalence after the second wave of SARS-COV2 respiratory infection in a small settlement on the northern coastal of Peru

Toledo,

León-Jimenez,

Cavalcanti

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…3 The authors mention that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) pandemic has generated 7,802 confirmed cases and 489 deaths in our Tumbes Region, and this has also caused stress in each person from of family, studies and work; This mental illness being of little importance for the Peruvian state. 4 In Peru, in this quarantine of the COVID 19 pandemic, we have been exposed to many stressors every day, such as: mental and physical health, economic, family, work, states or problems, unforeseen events, variations in routine, experiences, activities. and inappropriate interpersonal relationships; which every living being faces in a different way, undoubtedly harming its function by not knowing how to proceed in the face of various stimuli and within the environment it inhabits, fatigue, exhaustion, high tension and excessive struggle are added.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA metabarcoding technology for the identification of the fecal microbiome in patients with chronic stress

Pérez Urruchi,

Ramírez Elizalde,

Zapata Cornejo

et al. 2024

Health Psychology Research

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In the latest research, the concept of stress is associated with the deregulation of several biological systems sensitive to stress, such as the immune system, the microbiome, the endocrine system and neuroanatomical substrates. The objective of the research was to identify the fecal microbiome in patients diagnosed with chronic stress and in healthy patients through a metabarcoding analysis. The methodology used fecal samples collected from 20 patients with stress and 20 healthy patients. For the diagnosis of stress, psychological tools previously validated by external researchers were used. For metabarcoding analysis, metagenomic DNA extraction was performed from the fecal samples. Next Generation Illumina genetic sequencing targeting the 16S rDNA gene was then performed, followed by bioinformatic analysis using QUIME II software. The results, at the psychological test level, 20 people with chronic stress were diagnosed, on the other hand, at the metabarcoding level, specifically at the Gender level, the Asteroleplasma bacteria present only in the 20 healthy patients was molecularly identified. On the other hand, the bacteria Alistipes and Bifidobacterium were identified with greater predominance in the 20 patients with stress. Concluding, the bacteria Alistipes and Bifidobacterium are candidates as possible markers of the intestinal microbiome in patients with chronic stress, and the bacteria Asteroleplasma are candidates as a bacterial marker of the intestinal microbiome in healthy people. Finally, the identification of the microbiome in patients with stress opens a new path to understanding stress and its relationship to dysregulation with the microbiome.

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SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence on the north coast of Peru: A cross-sectional study after the first wave

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

High seroprevalence after the second wave of SARS-COV2 respiratory infection in a small settlement on the northern coastal of Peru

High seroprevalence after the second wave of SARS-COV2 respiratory infection in a small settlement on the northern coastal of Peru

DNA metabarcoding technology for the identification of the fecal microbiome in patients with chronic stress

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