SARS-CoV-2 S1 Protein Persistence in SARS-CoV-2 Negative Post-Vaccination Individuals with Long COVID/ PASC-Like Symptoms

Abstract

Background We sought to determine the immunologic abnormalities in patients following SARS-CoV-2 vaccines who experience post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)-like symptoms > 4 weeks post vaccination. In addition, we investigated whether the potential etiology was similar to PASC. Design: We enrolled 50 post-vaccination individuals who experience PASC-like symptoms, 10 healthy individuals, and 35 individuals post-vaccination without symptoms. We performed multiplex cytokine/chemokine profiling with machine learning as well as SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein detection on monocyte subsets using flow cytometry and mass spectrometry. Results We determined that post-vaccination individuals with PASC-like symptoms had similar symptoms to PASC patients. When analyzing their immune profile, post-vaccination individuals had statistically significant elevations of sCD40L, CCL5, IL-6, and IL-8. SARS-CoV-2 S1 and S2 protein were detected in CD16 + monocytes using flow cytometry and mass spectrometry on sorted cells. Conclusions Post-vaccination individuals with PASC-like symptoms exhibit markers of platelet activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production which may be driven by the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein persistence in intermediate and non-classical monocytes.

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in the Pathogenesis of Prion-like Diseases

“…A follow-on preprint study involved individuals who experienced PASC-like symptoms post vaccination for COVID-19. CD16+ monocytes were isolated from six of these patients, and it was confirmed that they too contained both S1 and S2 sequences, as well as several mutant S1 peptides [42]. It was proposed that the continual release of spike protein fragments from these monocytes could be sustaining the PASC symptoms.…”

Potential health risks of mRNA-based vaccine therapy: A hypothesis

“…However, evidence of integration of non-retroviral subgenomic viral RNA into the host cell has been described for some viruses, such as Ebola virus, Marburg virus [54] , vesicular stomatitis virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus [55] , [56] , [57] in humans and other mammalian hosts [58] , and it is now thought that human retrotransposons can facilitate reverse transcription of non-retroviral viral RNA genomes and, subsequently, enable their genomic insertion [56] . SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected for months in many recovered COVID-19 patients that were not shedding infectious virus, and a pre-print of a study that followed a cohort of 50 individuals that were exhibiting symptoms of long-COVID post vaccination, reported a similar finding [59] . A proposed explanation of this phenomenon was that parts of the SARS-CoV-2 genome could be undergoing reverse-transcription and genomic integration within infected somatic cells, leading to persistent transcription of the integrated sequences.…”

Playing Russian Roulette with Every COVID-19 Injection: The Deadly Global Game

“…Independent research has shown that a higher number of doses of the injectables is actually associated with a greater likelihood of hospitalization, diagnosis of COVID disease, and death following the diagnosis (Gazit et al, 2021;Brown et al, 2021;Seneff & Nigh, 2021;Classen, 2021;Berdine, 2022). Moreover, increasingly it has become clear that persons with "long COVID" are more apt to have received one or more of the COVID-19 injections than not (Patterson et al, 2022) and there is pervasive clinical evidence that the COVID-19 vaccine based spike protein can cause disease and even death by itself (Bansal et al, 2021).…”