SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant virus isolates are highly sensitive to interferon treatment

Bojkova, Denisa; Rothenburger, Tamara; Ciesek, Sandra; Wass, Mark N.; Michaelis, Martin; Cinatl, Jindrich

doi:10.1038/s41421-022-00408-z

Cited by 31 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…4C) and 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) (Fig. 4D) at all the time-points tested suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 ancestral virus (B.6) and both the variants induce innate immune responses and lower levels of titers observed in the Omicron infected cells is due to robust induction of interferon pathway which is in agreement with previous reports(35). To further confirm that the lower levels of replication and infection by Omicron variant translates to compromised ability to disrupt the epithelial barrier functions, we compared the effect of Delta and Omicron variant infection in an air-liquid culture model using Calu-3 cells.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

BA.1 and BA.2 sub-lineages of Omicron variant have comparable replication kinetics and susceptibility to neutralization by antibodies

Singh

Panwar

Anantharaj

et al. 2022

Preprint

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SARS-CoV-2 variants are emerging at frequent intervals with an ability to transmit faster and evade the immune responses. Most of Indian adults have received one or two doses of vaccination and, have also been infected naturally during the first and second waves. However, whether or not this hybrid immunity is protective against the emerging variants has not been determined. We found that a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in individuals with prior history of COVID-19 infection induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies which associated with protection from infection. Natural infection during the delta variant surge generated neutralizing antibodies against other lineages including the omicron variant. However, most of the subjects had undetectable levels of antibodies to neutralize omicron variant in the follow-up samples collected after six months suggesting that a large majority of people in India are at risk of infection by omicron variant due to waning antibody titers.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

BA.1 and BA.2 sub-lineages of Omicron variant have comparable replication kinetics and susceptibility to neutralization by antibodies

Singh

Panwar

Anantharaj

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…In agreement with previous findings 2 the clinically approved interferon-β preparation betaferon (Bayer) was more effective against BA.1 than against Delta (Suppl. Figure 3).…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

“…Interferons are potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs but displayed limited efficacy in initial clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19 10 . Based on findings that Omicron variant BA.1 isolates replicated less effectively in interferon-competent cells and were more sensitive to interferon treatment than a Delta isolate 2 , 3 , we here systematically compared the sensitivity of Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 isolates to betaferon (a clinically approved interferon-β preparation) alone or in combination with the approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs remdesivir (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor), EIDD-1931 (the active metabolite of molnupiravir that induces ‘lethal mutagenesis’ during virus replication), nirmatrelvir (inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 main/ 3CL protease, the antivirally active agent in Paxlovid), and aprotinin, a protease inhibitor that inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication 1 and that was recently reported to be effective in COVID-19 patients in a clinical trial. 7 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergism of interferon-beta with antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 variants

Bojkova¹,

Stack²,

Rothenburger³

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection

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“…One study has analyzed various SARS-CoV-2 proteins for the presence of cytokine-inducing peptides and found significant contribution of proteins other than spike to the cytokine response, which was found to be slightly reduced for omicron in comparison to Wuhan Hu-1, gamma (B.1.1.28.1) and delta derived proteins (64). Furthermore it has been shown in in vitro studies that omicron is more susceptible to inhibition by type I interferons and induces higher levels of type I interferons than delta (65,66), which may also play a role in the development of fever. While no direct comparison was made, the authors suggested an increased susceptibility of the omicron variant to interferon, which may be associated with mutations in proteins other than spike, namely variations in the interferon antagonizing proteins non-structural protein 3 (nsp3), nsp12, nsp13, nsp14, M, nucleocapsid and ORF3a (65,66).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Furthermore it has been shown in in vitro studies that omicron is more susceptible to inhibition by type I interferons and induces higher levels of type I interferons than delta (65,66), which may also play a role in the development of fever. While no direct comparison was made, the authors suggested an increased susceptibility of the omicron variant to interferon, which may be associated with mutations in proteins other than spike, namely variations in the interferon antagonizing proteins non-structural protein 3 (nsp3), nsp12, nsp13, nsp14, M, nucleocapsid and ORF3a (65,66).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Symptoms Experienced by SARS-CoV-2-Infected Individuals – From the First Wave to the Omicron Variant

Schulze¹,

Bayer²

2022

Front. Virol.

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic and public health crisis since the beginning of 2020. First recognized for the induction of severe disease, the virus also causes asymptomatic infections or infections with mild symptoms that can resemble common colds. To provide better understanding of these mild SARS-CoV-2 infections and to monitor the development of symptoms over time, we performed a detailed analysis of self-reported symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 positive and SARS-CoV-2 negative individuals. In an online-based survey, a total of 2117 individuals provided information on symptoms associated with an acute respiratory infection, 1925 of the participants had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 192 had tested negative. The symptoms reported most frequently during the early phases of the pandemic by SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals were tiredness, headache, impairment of smell or taste and dry cough. With the spread of the alpha and delta variants, the frequency of nose symptoms such as blocked or runny nose and sneezing increased to being reported by almost 60% of infected individuals. Interestingly, the spread of the omicron variant brought a sharp decrease in the incidence of impaired sense of smell or taste, which was reported by only 24% in this phase of the pandemic. The constellation of symptoms should be monitored closely in the months ahead, since future SARS-CoV-2 variants are likely to bring about more changes.

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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant virus isolates are highly sensitive to interferon treatment

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

BA.1 and BA.2 sub-lineages of Omicron variant have comparable replication kinetics and susceptibility to neutralization by antibodies

BA.1 and BA.2 sub-lineages of Omicron variant have comparable replication kinetics and susceptibility to neutralization by antibodies

Synergism of interferon-beta with antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 variants

Changes in Symptoms Experienced by SARS-CoV-2-Infected Individuals – From the First Wave to the Omicron Variant

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