SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies; longevity, breadth, and evasion by emerging viral variants

Tea, Fiona; Stella, Alberto Ospina; Aggarwal, Anupriya; Darley, D.R.; Pilli, Deepti; Vitale, Daniele; Merheb, Vera; Lee, Fiona X Z; Cunningham, Philip; Walker, G. J.; Brown, David A.; Rawlinson, William D.; Isaacs, Sonia R; Mathivanan, Vennila; Hoffman, M C; Pöhlmann, Stefan; Dwyer, Dominic E.; Rockett, Rebeca; Sintchenko, Vitali; Hoad, Veronica C.; Irving, David O.; Dore, Gregory J.; Gosbell, Iain B; Kelleher, Anthony D.; Matthews, Gail V.; Brilot, Fabienne; Turville, Stuart

doi:10.1101/2020.12.19.20248567

Cited by 35 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A further limitation is that we do not have data available on viral genetic sequencing of infected patients, and it is possible that "reinfections" are due to new variants of SARS-CoV-2, which may evade immune responses to previous strains. 31 However, if this was the case, we would have expected to see equal amounts of new "variant infection" across all patients. Our serological data may have been strengthened by screening all patients at 6 months for RBD antibodies, which have been shown to more closely correlate with neutralizing antibody titer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longevity of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in hemodialysis patients and protection against reinfection

Clarke

Prendecki

Dhutia

et al. 2021

Kidney International

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longevity of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in hemodialysis patients and protection against reinfection

Clarke

Prendecki

Dhutia

et al. 2021

Kidney International

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“…However, there is discourse about how long antibodies generated during the first wave persist, with some studies suggesting seroreversion between two to three months 25 , while others find antibodies present for up to seven or eight months post-infection 26-28 . Alarmingly, antibodies generated during the first wave also appear to have reduced immunoreactivity and neutralization potency towards emerging variants 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in vaccinated individuals

Becker

Dulovic

Junker

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic virus is consistently evolving with mutations within the receptor binding domain (RBD) being of particular concern. To date, there is little research into protection offered following vaccination or infection against RBD mutants in emerging variants of concern (UK, South African, Mink and Southern California). To investigate this, serum and saliva samples were obtained from groups of vaccinated (Pfizer BNT-162b2), infected and uninfected individuals. Antibody responses among groups, including salivary antibody response and antibody binding to RBD mutant strains were examined. The neutralization capacity of the antibody response against a patient-isolated South African variant was tested by viral neutralization tests and further verified by an ACE2 competition assay. We found that humoral responses in vaccinated individuals showed a robust response after the second dose. Interestingly, IgG antibodies were detected in large titers in the saliva of vaccinated subjects. Antibody responses showed considerable differences in binding to RBD mutants in emerging variants of concern. A substantial reduction in RBD binding and neutralization was detected for the South African variant. Taken together our data reinforces the importance of administering the second dose of Pfizer BNT-162b2 to acquire high levels of neutralizing antibodies. High antibody titers in saliva suggest that vaccinated individuals may have reduced transmission potential. Substantially reduced neutralization for the South African variant highlights importance of surveillance strategies to detect new variants and targeting these in future vaccines.

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“…For the pandemic to be brought under control, herd immunity must be achieved through vaccination. However, there is a discourse about how long antibodies generated during the first wave persist, with some studies suggesting seroreversion between 2 and 3 months 20 , while others find antibodies present for up to 7 or 8 months post infection [21][22][23] . Alarmingly, antibodies generated during the first wave also appear to have reduced immunoreactivity and neutralization potency toward emerging variants 22 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in vaccinated individuals

et al. 2021

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SARS-CoV-2 is evolving with mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) being of particular concern. It is important to know how much cross-protection is offered between strains following vaccination or infection. Here, we obtain serum and saliva samples from groups of vaccinated (Pfizer BNT-162b2), infected and uninfected individuals and characterize the antibody response to RBD mutant strains. Vaccinated individuals have a robust humoral response after the second dose and have high IgG antibody titers in the saliva. Antibody responses however show considerable differences in binding to RBD mutants of emerging variants of concern and substantial reduction in RBD binding and neutralization is observed against a patient-isolated South African variant. Taken together our data reinforce the importance of the second dose of Pfizer BNT-162b2 to acquire high levels of neutralizing antibodies and high antibody titers in saliva suggest that vaccinated individuals may have reduced transmission potential. Substantially reduced neutralization for the South African variant further highlights the importance of surveillance strategies to detect new variants and targeting these in future vaccines.

show abstract

SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies; longevity, breadth, and evasion by emerging viral variants

Cited by 35 publications

References 48 publications

Longevity of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in hemodialysis patients and protection against reinfection

Longevity of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in hemodialysis patients and protection against reinfection

Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in vaccinated individuals

Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in vaccinated individuals

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