SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Mexican Population: A Five Vaccine Comparison

Alcorta-Nuñez, Fernando; Pérez-Ibave, Diana Cristina; Burciaga-Flores, Carlos Horacio; Garza, Miguel Ángel; González-Escamilla, Moisés; Rodríguez-Niño, Patricia; González-Guerrero, Juan Francisco; Alcorta-Garza, Adelina; Vidal-Gutiérrez, Oscar; Ramírez-Correa, Genaro A.; Garza‐Rodríguez, María Lourdes

doi:10.3390/diagnostics13061194

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Notably, none of the three studies reported a significant difference in the antibody response rates of males and females [23]. However, in a study conducted with Mexican subjects, gender and differences in the percentage of neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 were found: Females had a higher percentage of antibody levels than males [24], which is in agreement with the present findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Gender, Immunological Response, and COVID-19: An Assessment of Vaccine Strategies in a Pandemic Region of Oaxaca, México

Rodríguez-Martínez,

Chavelas-Reyes,

Medina-Ramírez

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

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COVID-19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern, but long COVID’s effects are yet to be fully understood. Hence, globally, SARS-CoV-2 is still a profound threat to public health and of perilous nature as a zoonotic disease. Timely vaccination provided to individuals worldwide during the pandemic phase was under a certain degree of control; however, few studies have reported the effectiveness of vaccines administered in Mexico, and its surveillance is paramount. Furthermore, an unknown proportion of Mexican individuals have not yet received any vaccine, and the circulation of the Omicron, Pirola, and FLiRT variants is ongoing. A cross-sectional serology survey study design was employed, involving 150 individuals from Southern Mexico (Oaxaca) whose humoral immune responses after vaccination were tested by an ELISA; the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein served as a recombinant antigen in the ELISA. One hundred thirty-nine out of 150 individuals (92.6%; 95%-CI = 87–95%) examined were positive for the ELISA, but in 11 individuals, the vaccines did not induce any immune response. Interestingly, the immune responses (antibody prevalence and levels) of females (58%) were higher (T= −2.21; p-value = 0.02) than those of males (41%). However, in this sample population of Southern Mexico, age, vaccine type, comorbidity, and body mass index did not have any effect (p > 0.05) after COVID-19 vaccination. Taking all results together, here, we present factors that affected immune responses of individuals during the first vaccination campaign in Oaxaca, Mexico; however, vaccine surveillance during the post-pandemic phase needs further investigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Gender, Immunological Response, and COVID-19: An Assessment of Vaccine Strategies in a Pandemic Region of Oaxaca, México

Rodríguez-Martínez,

Chavelas-Reyes,

Medina-Ramírez

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

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“…When comparing different types of vaccines, it becomes evident that Ad5-nCoV exhibits lower efficacy than mRNA vaccines. Nevertheless, it demonstrates a higher effectiveness in generating neutralizing antibodies when compared to other viral vector vaccines, such as the Ad26.COV2.S/Janssen [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralizing antibody responses to the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination with Ad5-nCoV (CanSino) in the Mexican population

Hernández-Bello,

Lorenzo-Leal,

Muñoz-Valle

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ad5-nCoV vaccine was applied to the Mexican population before the WHO approved it. In a transversal study, we compare the CanSino vaccine efficacy and a natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in eliciting neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in Guadalajara, Mexico. Participants between 30–60 years were included in the study and classified into three groups: 1) Natural immunity (unvaccinated), 2) Vaccine-induced immunity (vaccinated individuals without a COVID-19 history), and 3) Natural immunity + vaccine-induced immunity. These groups were matched by age and gender. We assessed the ability of individuals’ serum to neutralize the Delta variant and compared the results of the different groups using a neutralization test followed by plaque-forming units. Results showed that 39% of individuals’ serum with a history of COVID-19 (natural immunity, Group 1) could not neutralize the Delta variant, compared to 33% in vaccinated individuals without COVID-19 (vaccine immunity, Group 2). In contrast, only 7% of vaccinated individuals with a history of COVID-19 (natural + vaccine immunities) could not neutralize the Delta variant. We concluded that the effectiveness of the Ad5-nCoV vaccine to induce neutralizing antibodies against the Delta variant is comparable to that of natural infection (61% vs. 67%). However, in individuals with both forms of immunity (Group 3), it increased to 93%. Based on these results, despite the Ad5-nCoV vaccine originally being designed as a single-dose regimen, it could be recommended that even those who have recovered from COVID-19 should consider vaccination to boost their immunity against this variant.

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“…In Mexico, there are no studies that demonstrate the impact of the type of vaccine on placental transfer; however, a study carried out in the general population indicated that vaccination with Pfizer and Moderna has the best neutralization rates when compared with the AstraZeneca, Sinovac, and CanSino vaccines [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental Transfer Efficiency of Neutralizing Antibodies on SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination before and after Pregnancy in Mexican Women

Martínez-Quezada,

Miguel-Rodríguez,

Ramírez-Lozada

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The protection of the neonate against pathogens depends largely on the antibodies transferred placentally from the mother; for this reason, maternal vaccination against emerging viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, is of vital importance. Knowing some of the immunogenic factors that could alter the placental transfer of antibodies could aid in understanding the immune response and neonatal protection after maternal vaccination. In this study, we analyzed the efficiency of the placental transfer of binding and neutralizing antibodies, as well as some factors that could alter the passive immune response, such as the trimester of gestation at the time of immunization, the number of doses received by the mother and the type of vaccine. Binding IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA, and the detection of neutralizing antibodies was carried out using flow cytometry. Our results show efficient transfer rates (>1), which are higher when maternal vaccination occurs during the third trimester of gestation. Antibodies are detectable in mothers and their neonates after 12 months of maternal immunization, suggesting than the vaccination against COVID-19 before and during pregnancy in the Mexican population induces a lasting neutralizing response in mothers and their newborns.

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SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Mexican Population: A Five Vaccine Comparison

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Gender, Immunological Response, and COVID-19: An Assessment of Vaccine Strategies in a Pandemic Region of Oaxaca, México

Gender, Immunological Response, and COVID-19: An Assessment of Vaccine Strategies in a Pandemic Region of Oaxaca, México

Neutralizing antibody responses to the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination with Ad5-nCoV (CanSino) in the Mexican population

Placental Transfer Efficiency of Neutralizing Antibodies on SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination before and after Pregnancy in Mexican Women

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