SARS-CoV-2 Is Not Detectable in the Vaginal Fluid of Women With Severe COVID-19 Infection

Qiu, Lin; Liu, Xia; Xiao, Meng; Xie, Jing; Cao, Wei; Liu, Zhengyin; Morse, Abraham N.; Xie, Yi; Li, Taisheng; Zhu, Lan

doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa375

Cited by 187 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The virus was not detected in semen or vaginal samples in two small studies. [ 41 42 ] However, another study detected SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in semen samples of six patients. [ 43 ] Even the detection of the virus in urine samples is equivocal.…”

Section: Safety Of Sexual Practices During Coronavirus Disease 2019: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexuality, sexual well being, and intimacy during COVID-19 pandemic: An advocacy perspective

Banerjee

Rao

2020

Indian J Psychiatry

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2, has emerged as a global public health threat. The implications are much beyond just health crisis, and it has long-lasting psychosocial and economic implications. Although the psychological offshoots such as depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and sleep disturbances are being studied in-depth, there is a dearth of literature on the sexual well-being and sexual practices during this pandemic. Considering the physical distancing; travel restrictions; the high human–human transmission rate; misinformation and uncertainty about the sexual routes of transmission for SARS-CoV-2; and fear about intimacy, sexuality, and safe sexual practices have increased significantly. This is more prominent in newly settled or distanced couples and the frontline health workers, with increased risk exposure to the virus. For them, guilt and distress associated with sexual relationships might increase primary psychiatric and sexual disorders. This, in turn, impacts relationships and emotional bonding in couples and affects healthy coping during the pandemic crisis. Although sexual abstinence is the safest practice to prevent transmission, it is not practically feasible in all cases. Risk reduction counseling, sex with quarantined partners, and digital sex are other options that are worth exploring. There are additional concerns of digital safety, unhealthy use of technology, cyber-crimes, and online extortion. Keeping this in the background, this advocacy article glances through the effects of past outbreaks on sexuality, reviews the current recommendations, and proposes methods and approaches for sexual well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is vital for overall public health.

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Section: Safety Of Sexual Practices During Coronavirus Disease 2019: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexuality, sexual well being, and intimacy during COVID-19 pandemic: An advocacy perspective

Banerjee

Rao

2020

Indian J Psychiatry

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“…Since the time of SARS-CoV-2003, there existed convincing evidence that aerosol-generating procedures (AGP) could potentially result in a wider human-to-human coronavirus droplet transmission radius [1]. There have been reports of COVID-19 being found in faeces and cerebral spinal fluid, but none in vaginal and amniotic fluid [2][3][4][5]. There have yet to be any studies assessing COVID-19 in peritoneal fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 not detected in peritoneal fluid: a case of laparoscopic appendicectomy for acute appendicitis in a COVID-19-infected patient

Ngaserin

Koh

Ong

et al. 2020

Langenbecks Arch Surg

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Purpose COVID-19 greatly affected millions and affected the way we practice with heightened posture in the way we treat surgical patients. Surgical consensus guidelines are recommending caution in the use of laparoscopy for the theoretical possibility of viral transmission from aerosolization of tissue and peritoneal fluid during surgery. However, there has yet to be proof of COVID-19 being present in peritoneal fluid, justifying the consensus statements. We aim to assess the presence of COVID-19 in peritoneal fluid. Methods We performed a laparoscopic appendicectomy for a COVID-19-infected patient with acute appendicitis. Peritoneal fluid and peritoneal washings were collected and sent for COVID-19 PCR. Results The peritoneal fluid sample collected on entry and at the end of the operation was negative for COVID-19 on PCR. The patient had an uneventful recovery from surgery.

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“…No available evidence has shown the presence of the virus in follicular fluid [ 160 ]. Instead, data about the potential infectivity of seminal fluid are conflicting.…”

Section: Safety Of Samples In Pma Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renin Angiotensin System, COVID-19 and Male Fertility: Any Risk for Conceiving?

et al. 2020

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The current knowledge concerning the connection between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) system in the male reproductive apparatus is still limited, so dedicated studies are urgently required. Concerns about the male fertility consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection have started to emerge, since epidemiologic studies observed that this coronavirus affects male patients more frequently and with increased severity, possibly because of the hormone-regulated expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. A disturbance in fertility is also expected based on studies of the previous SARS-CoV infection, which targets the same ACE2 receptor when entering the host cells. In addition, bioinformatics analyses reveal the abundant expression of ACE2 receptor in the male reproductive tissues, particularly in the testis. It has been proposed that pharmacological intervention favoring the angiotensin-(1–7)/ACE2/Mas receptor pathway and increasing ACE2 expression and activity could greatly prevent inflammatory lesions in this area. Finally, in laboratories performing assisted reproductive technologies it is recommended that more attention should be paid not only to sperm quality but also to safety aspects. Data about the potential infectivity of seminal fluid are in fact conflicting and do not exclude risks for both personnel and patients. The potential infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in reproductive male tissues should be strongly considered and further investigated for the proper management of in vitro fertilization procedures.

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SARS-CoV-2 Is Not Detectable in the Vaginal Fluid of Women With Severe COVID-19 Infection

Cited by 187 publications

References 14 publications

Sexuality, sexual well being, and intimacy during COVID-19 pandemic: An advocacy perspective

Sexuality, sexual well being, and intimacy during COVID-19 pandemic: An advocacy perspective

COVID-19 not detected in peritoneal fluid: a case of laparoscopic appendicectomy for acute appendicitis in a COVID-19-infected patient

Renin Angiotensin System, COVID-19 and Male Fertility: Any Risk for Conceiving?

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