SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and cancer

Stingi, Aureliano; Cirillo, Luca

doi:10.1002/bies.202000289

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(73 reference statements)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypothetically, an inhibited tumor suppressor such as p53 could have an oncogenic potential through mechanisms similar to HPV [6]. Nonetheless, well-known oncogenic viruses like HPV typically establish long-term infections, but there is no evidence of long-term viral latency of SARS-CoV-2 [6]. Exceptions to this are immunodeficient individuals, such as some cancer patients, who are at risk of rapid viral evolution and prolonged infection [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5] examined the structure and biological processes of this network of target genes, describing potentially undesirably perturbed candidate cancer genes at the host-virus interface. It has been hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 may play a role in promoting cancer onset, for example by inhibiting tumor suppressor genes [6], and its potential impact on cancer risk and treatment [2]. However, to the best of our knowledge, the downstream links between SARS-CoV2 and established cancer genes have not been quantitatively described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The network of SARS-CoV-2—cancer molecular interactions and pathways

Erola

Martin

Gaunt

2022

Preprint

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BackgroundRelatively little is known about the long-term impacts of SARS-CoV-2 biology, including whether it increases the risk of cancer. This study aims to identify the molecular interactions between COVID-19 infections and cancer processes.Materials and MethodsWe integrated recent data on SARS-CoV-2 – host protein interactions, risk factors for critical illness, known oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and cancer drivers in EpiGraphDB, a database of disease biology and epidemiology. We used these data to reconstruct the network of molecular links between SARS-CoV-2 infections and cancer processes in various tissues expressing the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. We applied community detection algorithms and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to identify cancer-relevant pathways that may be perturbed by SARS-CoV-2 infection.ResultsIn lung tissue, the results showed that 4 oncogenes are potentially targeted by SARS-CoV-2, and 92 oncogenes interact with other human genes targeted by SARS-CoV-2. We found evidence of potential SARS-CoV-2 interactions with Wnt and hippo signaling pathways, telomere maintenance, DNA replication, protein ubiquitination and mRNA splicing. Some of these pathways were potentially affected in multiple tissues.ConclusionsThe long-term implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection are still unknown, but our results point to the potential impact of infection on pathways relevant to cancer affecting cell proliferation, development and survival, favoring DNA degradation, preventing the repair of damaging events and impeding the translation of RNA into working proteins. This highlights the need for further research to investigate whether such effects are transient or longer lasting. Our results are openly available in the EpiGraphDB platform at https://epigraphdb.org/covid-cancer and the repository https://github.com/MRCIEU/covid-cancer (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391588).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The network of SARS-CoV-2—cancer molecular interactions and pathways

Erola

Martin

Gaunt

2022

Preprint

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“…Some strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) cause cervical cancer 16 . There has also been speculation that SARS-CoV-2 might be an oncovirus 17 . Other pathogens could help in treating rather than causing cancers 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PHEVIR: an artificial intelligence algorithm that predicts the molecular role of pathogens in complex human diseases

Zhou

Astore

Skolnick

2022

Sci Rep

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Infectious diseases are known to cause a wide variety of post-infection complications. However, it’s been challenging to identify which diseases are most associated with a given pathogen infection. Using the recently developed LeMeDISCO approach that predicts comorbid diseases associated with a given set of putative mode of action (MOA) proteins and pathogen-human protein interactomes, we developed PHEVIR, an algorithm which predicts the corresponding human disease comorbidities of 312 viruses and 57 bacteria. These predictions provide an understanding of the molecular bases of complications and means of identifying appropriate drug targets to treat them. As an illustration of its power, PHEVIR is applied to identify putative driver pathogens and corresponding human MOA proteins for Type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. Additionally, we explore the origins of the oncogenicity/oncolyticity of certain pathogens and the relationship between heart disease and influenza. The full PHEVIR database is available at https://sites.gatech.edu/cssb/phevir/.

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“…As reported by Stingi [ 15 ], a potential long-term oncogenic effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection could not be excluded a priori. Due to the current pandemic context, it is of great clinical importance to understand if the lung MSCs of the patients affected with CPAM, so both MSCs from perilesional or cystic origin, will be permissive for SARS-CoV-2 infection and become in such way a reservoir for virus replication influencing the malignancy risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Exposed Mesenchymal Stromal Cell from Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformations: Transcriptomic Analysis and the Expression of Immunomodulatory Genes

Valeri

Chiricosta

Biasin

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The inflammatory response plays a central role in the complications of congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM) and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to evaluate the transcriptional changes induced by SARS-CoV-2 exposure in pediatric MSCs derived from pediatric lung (MSCs-lung) and CPAM tissues (MSCs-CPAM) in order to elucidate potential pathways involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection in a condition of exacerbated inflammatory response. MSCs-lung and MSCs-CPAM do not express angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TRMPSS2). SARS-CoV-2 appears to be unable to replicate in MSCs-CPAM and MSCs-lung. MSCs-lung and MSCs-CPAM maintained the expression of stemness markers MSCs-lung show an inflammatory response (IL6, IL1B, CXCL8, and CXCL10), and the activation of Notch3 non-canonical pathway; this route appears silent in MSCs-CPAM, and cytokine genes expression is reduced. Decreased value of p21 in MSCs-lung suggested no cell cycle block, and cells did not undergo apoptosis. MSCs-lung appears to increase genes associated with immunomodulatory function but could contribute to inflammation, while MSCs-CPAM keeps stable or reduce the immunomodulatory receptors expression, but they also reduce their cytokines expression. These data indicated that, independently from their perilesional or cystic origin, the MSCs populations already present in a patient affected with CPAM are not permissive for SARS-CoV-2 entry, and they will not spread the disease in case of infection. Moreover, these MSCs will not undergo apoptosis when they come in contact with SARS-CoV-2; on the contrary, they maintain their staminality profile.

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SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and cancer

Cited by 21 publications

References 63 publications

The network of SARS-CoV-2—cancer molecular interactions and pathways

The network of SARS-CoV-2—cancer molecular interactions and pathways

PHEVIR: an artificial intelligence algorithm that predicts the molecular role of pathogens in complex human diseases

SARS-CoV-2 Exposed Mesenchymal Stromal Cell from Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformations: Transcriptomic Analysis and the Expression of Immunomodulatory Genes

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