SARS-CoV-2: From the pathogenesis to potential anti-viral treatments

Zarandi, Peyman Kheirandish; Zinatizadeh, Mohammad Reza; Zinatizadeh, Maryam; Yousefi, Mohammad; Rezaei, Nima

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111352

Cited by 26 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(195 reference statements)

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“…Since December 2019, COVID-19 has been a resident of the world. Early efforts ranged from the development of diagnostic assays [80][81][82][83] and specific therapeutics [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102] to optimizing health monitoring [103,104]. Despite this effort, in addition to our knowledge and experience from the recent outbreaks [105], it mainly relied on non-pharmacological interventions to control the pandemic, e.g., quarantine and social isolation [106,107].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates

Mirbeyk

Saghazadeh

Rezaei

2021

Arch Gynecol Obstet

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Background In December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, with an incredible contagion rate. However, the vertical transmission of COVID-19 is uncertain. Objectives This is a systematic review of published studies concerning pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 and their neonates. Search strategy We carried out a systematic search in multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and WHO COVID-19 database using the following keywords: (Coronavirus) OR (novel coronavirus) OR (COVID-19) OR (COVID19) OR (COVID 19) OR (SARS-CoV2) OR (2019-nCoV)) and ((pregnancy) OR (pregnant) OR (vertical transmission) OR (neonate) OR (newborn) OR (placenta) OR (fetus) OR (Fetal)). The search took place in April 2020. Selection criteria Original articles published in English were eligible if they included pregnant patients infected with COVID-19 and their newborns. Data collection and analyses The outcomes of interest consisted of clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnant patients with COVID-19 and also the effect of COVID-19 on neonatal and pregnancy outcomes. Main results 37 articles involving 364 pregnant women with COVID-19 and 302 neonates were included. The vast majority of pregnant patients were in their third trimester of pregnancy, and only 45 cases were in the first or second trimester (12.4%). Most mothers described mild to moderate manifestations of COVID-19. Of 364 pregnant women, 25 were asymptomatic at the time of admission. The most common symptoms were fever (62.4%) and cough (45.3%). Two maternal deaths occurred. Some pregnant patients (12.1%) had a negative SARS-CoV-2 test but displayed clinical manifestations and abnormalities in computed tomography (CT) scan related to COVID-19. Twenty-two (6.0%) pregnant patients developed severe pneumonia. Two maternal deaths occurred from severe pneumonia and multiple organ dysfunction. Studies included a total of 302 neonates from mothers with COVID-19. Of the studies that provided data on the timing of birth, there were 65 (23.6%) preterm neonates. One baby was born dead from a mother who also died from COVID-19. Of the babies born alive from mothers with COVID-19, five newborns faced critical conditions, and two later died. A total of 219 neonates underwent nasopharyngeal specimen collection for SARS-CoV-2, of which 11 tested positive (5%). Seventeen studies examined samples of the placenta, breast milk, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid, and all tested negative except one amniotic fluid sample. Conclusions A systematic review of published studies confirm that the course of COVID-19 in pregnant women resembles that of other populations. However, there is not sufficient evidence to establish an idea that COVID-19 would not complicate pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates

Mirbeyk

Saghazadeh

Rezaei

2021

Arch Gynecol Obstet

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“…Depending on the risk factors presented by SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, the infection may cause an acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure, which can be fatal. To prevent and/or cure COVID-19, the vaccine strategy seems the most promising approach whereas conventional drugs can provide potential alternative treatments as adjuvants [ 91 , 92 ]. These alternative approaches using drugs acting on the viral cycle and/or on the cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV-2 should not be neglected.…”

Section: -Ketocholesterol-modifying Drugs In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

7-Ketocholesterol: Effects on viral infections and hypothetical contribution in COVID-19

Ghzaiel

Sassi

Zarrouk

et al. 2021

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…It combines closely with RdRp and is a powerful antiviral drug against SARS-CoV-2 (Elfiky, 2020b). Clinical trials about the treatment of ribavirin on the patient with COVID-19 have been conducted (Zarandi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Potential Drugs for COVID-19 Based on Bound Nuclear Norm Regularization

Wang

Shen

et al. 2021

Front. Genet.

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The novel coronavirus pneumonia COVID-19 infected by SARS-CoV-2 has attracted worldwide attention. It is urgent to find effective therapeutic strategies for stopping COVID-19. In this study, a Bounded Nuclear Norm Regularization (BNNR) method is developed to predict anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates. First, three virus-drug association datasets are compiled. Second, a heterogeneous virus-drug network is constructed. Third, complete genomic sequences and Gaussian association profiles are integrated to compute virus similarities; chemical structures and Gaussian association profiles are integrated to calculate drug similarities. Fourth, a BNNR model based on kernel similarity (VDA-GBNNR) is proposed to predict possible anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. VDA-GBNNR is compared with four existing advanced methods under fivefold cross-validation. The results show that VDA-GBNNR computes better AUCs of 0.8965, 0.8562, and 0.8803 on the three datasets, respectively. There are 6 anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs overlapping in any two datasets, that is, remdesivir, favipiravir, ribavirin, mycophenolic acid, niclosamide, and mizoribine. Molecular dockings are conducted for the 6 small molecules and the junction of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. In particular, niclosamide and mizoribine show higher binding energy of −8.06 and −7.06 kcal/mol with the junction, respectively. G496 and K353 may be potential key residues between anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs and the interface junction. We hope that the predicted results can contribute to the treatment of COVID-19.

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SARS-CoV-2: From the pathogenesis to potential anti-viral treatments

Cited by 26 publications

References 133 publications

A systematic review of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates

A systematic review of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates

7-Ketocholesterol: Effects on viral infections and hypothetical contribution in COVID-19

Screening Potential Drugs for COVID-19 Based on Bound Nuclear Norm Regularization

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