SARS-CoV-2 ferritin nanoparticle vaccines elicit broad SARS coronavirus immunogenicity

Joyce, Michael; Chen, Wei‐Hung; Sankhala, Rajeshwer S.; Hajduczki, Agnes; Thomas, Paul; Choe, Misook; Chang, William C.; Peterson, Caroline E.; Martinez, Elizabeth; Morrison, Elaine; Smith, Catherine Arnott; Ahmed, Aslaa; Wieczorek, Lindsay; Anderson, Alexander R.A.; Chen, Rita E.; Case, James Brett; Li, Yifan; Oertel, Therese; Rosado, Lorean; Ganesh, Akshaya; Whalen, Connor; Carmen, Joshua M.; Mendez-Rivera, Letzibeth; Karch, Christopher P.; Gohain, Neelakshi; Villar, Zuzana; McCurdy, David W.; Beck, Zoltán; Kim, Jiae; Shrivastava, Shikha; Jobe, Ousman; Dussupt, Vincent; Molnar, Sebastian; Tran, Ursula; Kannadka, Chandrika B.; Zemil, Michelle; Khanh, Htet; Wu, Weimin; Cole, Matthew A.; Duso, Debra K.; Kummer, Larry W.; Lang, Tricia J.; Muncil, Shania E.; Currier, Jeffrey R.; Krebs, Shelly J.; Polonis, Victoria R.; Rajan, Saravanan; McTamney, Patrick M.; Esser, Mark T.; Reiley, William W.; Rolland, Morgane; Val, Natalia de; Diamond, Michael S.; Gromowski, Gregory D.; Matyas, Gary R.; Rao, Mangala; Michael, Nelson L.; Modjarrad, Kayvon

doi:10.1101/2021.05.09.443331

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…In phase 3 clinical trials, the mRNA-1273 vaccine demonstrated 94.1% efficacy for preventing COVID-19 58 . Studies revealed that this vaccine may also be effective against B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 strains 66 , 67 , but with a 6-fold decrease in neutralizing levels against the B.1.351 variant from South Africa 66 . Nonetheless, these neutralizing titer levels are still high and the two doses of mRNA-1273 are expected to be protective against the new SARS-CoV-2 strains 66 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 mutations in Brazil: from genomics to putative clinical conditions

Timmers

Peixoto

Ducati

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Due to the high rate of transmissibility, Brazil became the new COVID-19 outbreak epicenter and, since then, is being monitored to understand how SARS-CoV-2 mutates and spreads. We combined genomic and structural analysis to evaluate genomes isolated from different regions of Brazil and show that the most prevalent mutations were located in the S, N, ORF3a and ORF6 genes, which are involved in different stages of viral life cycle and its interaction with the host cells. Structural analysis brought to light the positions of these mutations on protein structures, contributing towards studies of selective structure-based drug discovery and vaccine development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 mutations in Brazil: from genomics to putative clinical conditions

Timmers

Peixoto

Ducati

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Pseudovirus and live-virus neutralization assays showed that the neutralizing activity of sera from individuals after the two doses of the ChaAdOx1 vaccine against the B.1.351 variant was reduced or abrogated 86 . Postvaccination sera from individuals who received two doses of mRNA-1273 (28 days apart) showed reduced neutralization of the B.1.351 variant (6.4-fold reduction) 88 . By contrast, neutralizing activity of sera elicited by the inactivated vaccine BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) against the authentic virus B.1.351 showed only a slight reduction (less than twofold) 89 .…”

Section: Vaccine Efficacy Against New Variantsmentioning

confidence: 97%

SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape

et al. 2021

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Although most mutations in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome are expected to be either deleterious and swiftly purged or relatively neutral, a small proportion will affect functional properties and may alter infectivity, disease severity or interactions with host immunity. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 was followed by a period of relative evolutionary stasis lasting about 11 months. Since late 2020, however, SARS-CoV-2 evolution has been characterized by the emergence of sets of mutations, in the context of ‘variants of concern’, that impact virus characteristics, including transmissibility and antigenicity, probably in response to the changing immune profile of the human population. There is emerging evidence of reduced neutralization of some SARS-CoV-2 variants by postvaccination serum; however, a greater understanding of correlates of protection is required to evaluate how this may impact vaccine effectiveness. Nonetheless, manufacturers are preparing platforms for a possible update of vaccine sequences, and it is crucial that surveillance of genetic and antigenic changes in the global virus population is done alongside experiments to elucidate the phenotypic impacts of mutations. In this Review, we summarize the literature on mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, the primary antigen, focusing on their impacts on antigenicity and contextualizing them in the protein structure, and discuss them in the context of observed mutation frequencies in global sequence datasets.

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“…It is encouraging that more and more research results showed that COVID-19 vaccines did not induce VADE in mice, hamster, or non-human primates, and it is most important, so far, during the expanding use of COVID-19 vaccine, there is no ADE reported with the expanding use of COVID-19 vaccines in human (Li et al . 2021 ). However, it is too early to reject the hypothesis that vaccination with COVID-19 vaccines barely cause ADE.…”

Section: Vaccine-associated Disease Enhancement (Vade)mentioning

confidence: 99%