SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections during the second wave of COVID-19 at Pune, India

Doke, Prakash Prabhakarrao; Mhaske, Suhas T.; Oka, Gauri A; Kulkarni, Ruta; Muley, Vrishali; Mishra, Akhilesh C.; Arankalle, Vidya A.

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1040012

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…BTI was reported in 18.5% (115/ 620) of positive COVID-19 respondents. This was similar to findings reported by Doke et al in Pune who studied HCWs after the second wave, where they reported BTIs of 16.8% [ 13 ]. Sharma et al reported symptomatic COVID-19 infections in 16.9% of HCWs and BTI in 13.3% [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Three of the serious, hospitalized patients had diabetes mellitus as a preexisting co-morbid condition and no case fatalities were observed. In concurrence with our findings, symptoms for BTI were less severe with very few hospitalizations in the ICMR study conducted by Gupta et al, which reported only 67 cases (9.8%) of hospitalization and three (0.4%) case fatalities [ 21 ], while a multicentric study done in India by Rahi et al reported 8.57% (6/70) of hospitalization [ 23 ], and Doke et al in Pune recorded 23.36% (43/184) [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming that 17% of the HCWs in the hospital have COVID-19, a design effect (DEFF) of 2, and an expected response rate of 70%, the study would require a sample size of 620 to estimate the expected proportion with 5% absolute precision and 95% confidence [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Among Healthcare Workers in a COVID-19-Designated Tertiary Care Government Hospital in Sikkim

Gurung,

Tewari,

Pradhan

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Introduction Since the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus at the beginning of 2020, the world has gone through various waves of pandemics. The health care workers (HCWs) or the COVID warriors as they were termed were the first line of defense against the virus. They were armed with personal protective equipment and prophylactic doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Despite these precautions, some of the HCWs still contracted the disease and a few others succumbed to it. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 infections and vaccine breakthrough infections (BTIs) in HCWs after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine during the second wave of the pandemic. Methods This was a cross-sectional, hospital-based study conducted over a period of four months from September 2021 to December 2021 on HCWs aged 18 years and above working at the COVID-19-designated tertiary care government hospital in Sikkim. A structured coded questionnaire with no patient identifiers was used to gather details on demographics, vaccination history, breakthrough infection, and other social details. HCWs who had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine at the time of initiation of the study and were >18 years of age were included in this study. Results A total of 678 HCWs were screened, out of which 229 (33%) participants tested positive for COVID-19 and the rest of the participants (455; 67%) tested negative. COVID-19 infections and vaccine BTIs (COVID-19 infection >14 days after the second vaccination) were recorded and 137 (20%) respondents had a post-vaccination COVID-19 infection out of which 115 (18.5%) were BTI. The majority of the participants were females and of the age group of 26-35 years. The correlation of COVID-19 infections with the dose gap between vaccination, gender, age, profession, department, area posted during COVID duty, cycles of duty performed, hospitalization due to infection, influenza vaccination, and comorbidity was analyzed. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccines are disease-modifying and they decrease the severity of BTIs in HCWs. Pandemics and outbreaks cannot be predicted; therefore, it becomes very important to have healthy frontline workers who are constantly exposed to infectious agents. Monitoring of health and surveillance of infectious diseases among the HCWs should be encouraged.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Among Healthcare Workers in a COVID-19-Designated Tertiary Care Government Hospital in Sikkim

Gurung,

Tewari,

Pradhan

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Interestingly, few cases of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections were found at prevalence of 5.41% in this study. Similar to higher breakthrough infection rates were reported recently in India (5.6 and 16.8%) 35,36 . This finding was the first report of such data in Cameroon and support the fact that current COVID-19 vaccines, even though highly efficient to prevent severe clinical forms of the disease, do not prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission 12,14 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence, Clinical Profile and Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection in Douala, Cameroon

Moguem Soubgui,

Foko,

Embolo Enyegue

et al. 2023

Trends Med. Res

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Background and Objective: Vaccination is the most cost-effective public health intervention to control diseases such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical profile and determinants of COVID-19 vaccination uptake and SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Douala, Cameroon from January, to September, 2022. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, anthropometric and clinical data of participants during individual interviews. Additionally, findings on COVID-19 vaccination and RT-qPCR based SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing of fully COVID-19 vaccinated patients from medical records. Statistical analyses were performed using StatView, SPSS and GraphPad software. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The overall prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination uptake was 18.6%. The prevalence of cough (p = 0.01) and sore throat (p = 0.03) was higher in unvaccinated patients. The chances of getting vaccinated were increased in those with higher education, elderly people and those with a history of COVID-19 infection. Vaccine breakthrough infections were found at a prevalence of 5.41% and were mainly seen in elderly patients with comorbidities (obesity, hypertension). Conclusion: There is a need for adequately tailored information campaigns to sensitize Cameroonian populations on the positive impact of COVID-19 vaccination, especially those with low levels of education.

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“…The risk among HCWs was high during the initial months of the pandemic (2)(3)(4). The pandemic is characterized by the rapid development of vaccines using conventional and new platforms, with immediate use to immunize the world population (5). Although different vaccines can significantly reduce hospitalization and mortality, breakthrough infections have been reported with all the vaccines used (6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular, Immunological, and Clinical Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Breakthrough-Infected Healthcare Workers During the Last Wave of The Pandemic in Shiraz, Iran

Saeb,

Talei,

Ghaziasadi

et al. 2024

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a threat to the global economy and public health. Mutations in the spike protein of the virus can impact the functional characteristics and effectiveness of vaccines. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze mutations in three key regions of the spike protein, investigate clinical presentations, and assess protective immune levels in healthcare workers (HCWs) who had received full vaccine doses but were re-infected. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 49 breakthrough-infected HCWs were included from November 2021 to May 2022. After confirming COVID-19 reinfection, the SARS-CoV-2 genome was extracted using the ROJE extraction kit, and genetic variation analysis was performed through Sanger sequencing. Blood samples were collected with prior consent, and ELISA tests were performed to determine antibody levels. Clinical presentations were recorded, and independent t-tests revealed no significant gender-based differences in the C-terminal point mutation. Results: In this study, 75.5% (37/49) of the included HCWs were female (P-value < 0.05), and 25 were qualified for PCR and gene sequencing. Mutations were observed in 25, 10, and 1 sequence(s) of the C-terminal domain, N-terminal domain, and RBD regions of the S1 gene, respectively. The mutations had no significant correlation with the patient's gender, age, or occupation, but they were significantly more prevalent in those with underlying diseases. 63.3% (31/49) of patients had high or very high IgG levels, and none had undetectable antibody levels at the time of reinfection. Loss of the sense of smell (69.4% - 34/49), sore throat (65.3% - 32/49), headache (59.2% - 29/49), and cough (57.1% - 28/49) were the most prevalent clinical manifestations (P > 0.05) in breakthrough-infected HCWs, aligning with the pattern of symptoms seen in the Omicron wave. However, the loss of the sense of taste showed significant results concerning clinical manifestation (P < 0.05). The examination of mutations revealed the presence of the Omicron variant in the majority of individuals. Point mutations in the C-terminal region did not significantly vary based on age, gender, or vaccine type. No significant difference was observed between vaccine types and clinical symptoms. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study identified spike protein mutations in reinfections among vaccinated healthcare workers. While mutations were prevalent, no significant correlations were found with demographics or vaccine types. Symptoms resembled the Omicron variant, notably with the loss of the sense of taste as a significant marker. Detectable antibody levels post-reinfection suggest that vaccine-induced immunity remains robust. Continuous monitoring of virus variants is crucial for optimizing vaccination strategies in the face of evolving strains.

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SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections during the second wave of COVID-19 at Pune, India

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Among Healthcare Workers in a COVID-19-Designated Tertiary Care Government Hospital in Sikkim

Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Among Healthcare Workers in a COVID-19-Designated Tertiary Care Government Hospital in Sikkim

Prevalence, Clinical Profile and Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection in Douala, Cameroon

Molecular, Immunological, and Clinical Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Breakthrough-Infected Healthcare Workers During the Last Wave of The Pandemic in Shiraz, Iran

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