SARS-CoV-2 and chronic hepatitis B: Focusing on the possible consequences of co-infection

Shoraka, Shahrzad; Mohebbi, Seyed Reza; Hosseini, Seyed Masoud; Ghaemi, Amir; Zali, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1016/j.jcvp.2023.100167

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Importantly, HBV-infected individuals may progress to chronic hepatitis, further resulting in the emergence of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. 140,141 According to statistics, more than 250 million individuals infected with HBV are at risk of severe complications, such as cirrhosis and HCC. 135 Due to the various infection pathways of HBV, such as blood, bodily fluids, and sexual contact, infected individuals experience significant psychological burdens and are susceptible to social discrimination.…”

Section: Types Of Liver Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HBV is likely to cause abnormal liver function in the infected individuals, making the liver unable to perform its crucial physiological functions. Importantly, HBV-infected individuals may progress to chronic hepatitis, further resulting in the emergence of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. , According to statistics, more than 250 million individuals infected with HBV are at risk of severe complications, such as cirrhosis and HCC . Due to the various infection pathways of HBV, such as blood, bodily fluids, and sexual contact, infected individuals experience significant psychological burdens and are susceptible to social discrimination. , In conclusion, there is an urgent need to develop a more comprehensive treatment strategy to effectively eliminate the hepatitis virus.…”

Section: Types Of Liver Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging mRNA Technology for Liver Disease Therapy

Wang,

Fang,

Luo

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

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Liver diseases have consistently posed substantial challenges to global health. It is crucial to find innovative methods to effectively prevent and treat these diseases. In recent times, there has been an increasing interest in the use of mRNA formulations that accumulate in liver tissue for the treatment of hepatic diseases. In this review, we start by providing a detailed introduction to the mRNA technology. Afterward, we highlight types of liver diseases, discussing their causes, risks, and common therapeutic strategies. Additionally, we summarize the latest advancements in mRNA technology for the treatment of liver diseases. This includes systems based on hepatocyte growth factor, hepatitis B virus antibody, left−right determination factor 1, human hepatocyte nuclear factor α, interleukin-12, methylmalonyl-coenzyme A mutase, etc. Lastly, we provide an outlook on the potential of mRNA technology for the treatment of liver diseases, while also highlighting the various technical challenges that need to be addressed. Despite these difficulties, mRNA-based therapeutic strategies may change traditional treatment methods, bringing hope to patients with liver diseases.

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Section: Types Of Liver Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Types Of Liver Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging mRNA Technology for Liver Disease Therapy

Wang,

Fang,

Luo

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

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“…It causes liver cell injury due to the immune response elicited by the infected hepatic cells and causes more than one million deaths each year due to liver cancer and cirrhosis [9]. In leukemia patients, asymptomatic or subclinical coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 with hepatitis viruses such as HBV may target the liver, resulting in poor prognosis [10] since both viruses can damage liver cells/tissues [11]. Moreover, the liver function of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 is highly affected due to the presence of HBV coinfection compared to SARS-CoV-2-infected cases without HBV [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfections among Ethiopians with Acute Leukemia

Alemu,

Gumi,

Tsegaye

et al. 2024

Cancers

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SARS-CoV-2 and blood-borne viral coinfections are well reported. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and coinfection with blood-borne viruses in hematologic malignancy patients in Ethiopia. We aimed to assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and associated infections with hepatitis B and other viruses among adolescent and adult acute leukemia patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2020 to June 2021. Blood samples were tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2, HBV, HCV, and HIV with ELISA kits and occult hepatitis B infection with a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Out of a total 110 cases, the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 35.5%. The prevalence showed a significant increment from July 2020 to the end of June 2021 (p = 0.015). In 22.7% and 2.7% of leukemia cases, HBV and HIV, respectively, were detected. No HCV was identified. The rate of SARS-CoV-2 coinfection with HBV and HIV was 28% (11/39) and 2.6% (1/39), respectively; however, there was no statistically significant association between SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity with HBV and HIV (p > 0.05). There is a need for viral screening in leukemia cases to monitor infections and inform management.

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Global co-dynamics of viral infections with saturated incidence

Elaiw,

Alsaadi,

Hobiny

2024

MATH

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<abstract><p>Several mathematical models of two competing viruses (or viral strains) that have been published in the literature assume that the infection rate is determined by bilinear incidence. These models do not show co-existence equilibrium; moreover, they might not be applicable in situations where the virus concentration is high. In this paper, we developed a mathematical model for the co-dynamics of two competing viruses with saturated incidence. The model included the latently infected cells and three types of time delays: discrete (or distributed): (ⅰ) The formation time of latently infected cells; (ⅱ) The activation time of latently infected cells; (ⅲ) The maturation time of newly released virions. We established the mathematical well-posedness and biological acceptability of the model by examining the boundedness and nonnegativity of the solutions. Four equilibrium points were identified, and their stability was examined. Through the application of Lyapunov's approach and LaSalle's invariance principle, we demonstrated the global stability of equilibria. The impact of saturation incidence, latently infected cells, and time delay on the viral co-dynamics was examined. We demonstrated that the saturation could result in persistent viral coinfections. We established conditions under which these types of viruses could coexist. The coexistence conditions were formulated in terms of saturation constants. These findings offered new perspectives on the circumstances under which coexisting viruses (or strains) could live in stable viral populations. It was shown that adding the class of latently infected cells and time delay to the coinfection model reduced the basic reproduction number for each virus type. Therefore, fewer treatment efficacies would be needed to keep the system at the infection-free equilibrium and remove the viral coinfection from the body when utilizing a model with latently infected cells and time delay. To demonstrate the associated mathematical outcomes, numerical simulations were conducted for the model with discrete delays.</p></abstract>

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SARS-CoV-2 and chronic hepatitis B: Focusing on the possible consequences of co-infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 135 publications

Emerging mRNA Technology for Liver Disease Therapy

Emerging mRNA Technology for Liver Disease Therapy

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfections among Ethiopians with Acute Leukemia

Global co-dynamics of viral infections with saturated incidence

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