Sardine protein diet increases plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 levels and prevents tissue oxidative stress in rats fed a high-fructose diet

Abstract

Abstract. The current study investigated whether sardine protein mitigates the adverse effects of fructose on plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and oxidative stress in rats. Rats were fed casein (C) or sardine protein (S) with or without high-fructose (HF) for 2 months. Plasma glucose, insulin, GLP-1, lipid and protein oxidation and antioxidant enzymes were assayed. HF rats developed obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and oxidative stress despite reduced energy and food intakes. High plasma creatinine and uric acid levels, in addition to albuminuria were observed in the HF groups. The S-HF diet reduced plasma glucose, insulin, creatinine, uric acid and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index levels, however increased GLP-1 levels compared with the C-HF diet. Hydroperoxides were reduced in the liver, kidney, heart and muscle of S-HF fed rats compared with C-HF fed rats. A reduction in liver, kidney and heart carbonyls was observed in S-HF fed rats compared with C-HF fed rats. Reduced levels of nitric oxide (NO) were detected in the liver, kidney and heart of the S-HF fed rats compared with C-HF fed rats. The S diet compared with the C diet reduced levels of liver hydroperoxides, heart carbonyls and kidney NO. The S-HF diet compared with the C-HF diet increased the levels of liver and kidney superoxide dismutase, liver and muscle catalase, liver, heart and muscle glutathione peroxidase and liver ascorbic acid. The S diet prevented and reversed insulin resistance and oxidative stress, and may have benefits in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Pumpkin seed proteins (Cucurbita pepo L.) protect against diet-induced metabolic syndrome by improving insulin resistance and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in rats

“…In agreement with our previous reports (Madani et al 2012(Madani et al , 2015, we observed that fructose-fed rats display oxidative stress in both WAT and skeletal muscle after 8 weeks of experiment reflected in the elevated TBARS and LHP with respect to those of control animals. This abnormal improving glucose, insulin, insulinogenic index, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, glucose tolerance and AUC, suggesting a protective role on complications associated with metabolic syndrome.…”

“…Furthermore, the protein carbonyl increased in both tissues is suggestive of oxidative damage in addition to chemical modification, indicating that the high tissues carbonyl radicals can be produced after the attack of the • OH radical against the residues of arginine, lysine and proline (Kayama et al 2015;Radi 2018). We also found that fructose enriched diet resulted in significant reduction in nitric oxide (NO) levels in both tissues and concur with those observed in patients with MetS (Simão et al 2010) and in rats (Madani et al 2015;Mellouk et al 2012b), supposing that hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and altered insulin resistance may be the cause of this effect. Furthermore, the low NO contents might be explained by a higher level of O 2 −• which can rapidly bound to NO and produce nitric peroxide (ONOO − ), oxidant molecule harmful to vascular function (Zweier et al 2011).…”

“…Although MetS is a significant health problem, the potential involvement of diet, particularly macronutrients, has a major role in the prevention and mitigation of these conditions. In fact, as we have reported in our previous studies, the inclusion of fish protein, omega-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid into high-fructose diet effectively protects against the development of cardiovascular risk factors in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rats (Madani et al 2012(Madani et al , 2015Mellouk et al 2012a).…”

Sardine proteins (Sardina pilchardus) combined with green lemon zest (Citrus latifolia) improve blood pressure, lipid profile and redox status in diabetic hypertensive rats

“…In DOCA-salt hypertensive rats, Melothriama deraspatana leaves extract significantly reduced LOOHs concentration in serum and tissues (liver, heart and kidney), which might be because of the presence of phenolic compounds such as coumarins and flavonoids (Chinnadurai et al, 2011). Sp reduce hydroperoxides values in heart in rats fed high-fructose diet (Madani et al, 2015).…”

Evaluation of anti-oxidative properties of <i>Tinosporacordifoliain Alloxan</i> induced diabetic Wistar rats

“…Increase in vitamin C after drug administration reduced diabetes associated complications which is in accordance with (26). Vitamin C deficiency was probably due to increased turnover of ascorbic acid mediated by elevated oxidative stress (27). Exogenous administration of extract reduced stress, glucose concentration and ameliorated Vitamin C concentration in tissue.…”